Two new species of the genus Mesodorylaimus Andrássy, 1959 are described from natural areas from southeastern Spain. M. brzeskii sp. nov. is distinguished by its body 1.14-1.44 mm long, quite thin cuticle, lip region continuous or offset by weak depression, odontostyle 11-13 µm or 0.9-1.2 times as long as the lip region width, pharyngeal bulb 79-105 µm long, V = 50-55, uterus 70.4 (55-87) µm or 2.1 (1.8-2.4) body diameters long, female tail first tapering abruptly and then gradually (53-80 µm, c = 16-28, c’ = 2.4-4.1) with its slender portion usually dorsad bent, male tail rounded conoid (18-22 µm, c = 58-65, c’ = 0.7-0.9), spicules 33-38 µm long and 7-8 (rarely 9) regularly spaced ventromedian supplements. M. malacitanus sp. nov. is characterized by having body 1.00-1.39 mm long, lip region slightly angular and offset by depression, odontostyle 11-13 µm long or almost equal to the lip region width, pharyngeal bulb 109-132 µm, junction between pharyngeal bulb and cardia with a weak ring-like structure, V = 48.5-56.1, peculiar morphology of the vagina-vulva area (vulva preceded of a funnel-like cavity, pars proximalis vaginae involved by developed musculature, pars refringens vaginae with two somewhat separated sclerotizations), uterus 49 (39-71) µm or 1.3 (0.9-1.9) times as long as the corresponding body width, female tail elongated (80-126 µm, c = 9.5-16.9, c’ = 3.2-5.1), and males unknown. A compendium of their relatives and comparison of the new species with them are also provided.
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