Wyniki wyszukiwania

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A relaxed molecular clock places an evolutionary timescale on the origins of North American big-eared bats (Vespertilionidae: Corynorhinus)

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Lack J. B., van Den Bussche R. A.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2009

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tom 11

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nr 1

The notoriously fragmented nature of the chiropteran fossil record has made it extremely difficult to resolve issues of evolutionary history based solely on morphological data. Placing estimates on dates of divergence for taxa, as well as developing a reliable calibration for a molecular clock, has been problematic due to a deficiency in reliable fossil calibration points, and a lack of statistical power in the analyses available, as well as the mistreatment of the available data. We obtained sequence data from the hypervariable D-loop of the mitochondrial DNA control region of Corynorhinus rafinesquii, C. mexicanus, and the five recognized subspecies of C. townsendii and employed a relaxed molecular clock model to test competing hypotheses of evolution for big-eared bats in North America. Our analyses indicate interspecific divergences occurred during the Pliocene, with C. rafinesquii diverging from the other Corynorhinus relatively early, during periods of increased warmth and significantly higher sea levels, and C. townsendii and C. mexicanus diverging relatively late, possibly during the cooler periods leading up to the Pleistocene. Intraspecific divergences within C. townsendii appear to have occurred as a result of repeated glacial advances during the Pleistocene, with the C. t. ingens and C. t. virginianus lineages arising at relatively the same time as C. t. pallescens and C. t. australis, and recent rapid population decline producing the disjunct distribution of C. t. ingens and C. t. virginianus. Dating and demographic analyses indicate all species of Corynorhinus are likely undergoing population decline.

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Range-wide population genetic structure of the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) — incongruent results from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA

80%

Lack J. B., Wilkinson J. E., Van den Bussche R. A.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2010

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tom 12

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nr 2

Male-biased dispersal with female philopatry is a common pattern for many mammals. Because mtDNA is inherited maternally, biparentally inherited nuclear markers are often utilized to estimate population structure and gene flow. The pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) exhibits a relatively continuous distribution across arid western North America. A previous mtDNA study suggested little gene flow among populations and identified three distinct phylogroups. We examined population structure of A. pallidus using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) in 187 individuals from 29 localities across the distribution of the species. Eight primer pairs identified 797 polymorphic loci. All analyses indicated that populations in California, British Columbia, and the Baja Peninsula were relatively distinct. Cluster analysis indicated gene flow has been occurring between the Baja Peninsula population and populations to the north and east. The pallid bat appears to be characterized by male-mediated dispersal and gene flow, while females are largely philopatric. While several populations appear to be somewhat distinct, the overall pattern of divergence for A. pallidus is indicative of isolation by distance throughout the majority its range, suggesting significant gene flow has been occurring since populations diverged during Pliocene desert formation and mountain building.

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A Molecular Phylogenetic Reevaluation of the Tribe Nycticeiini (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)

80%

Roehrs Z. P., Lack J. B., Van Den Bussche R. A.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2011

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tom 13

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nr 1

Monophyly of the tribe Nycticeiini (Baeodon, Nycticeinops, Nycticeius, Otonycteris, Rhogeessa, Scoteinus [= Scoteanax and Scotorepens], Scotoecus, Scotomanes, and Scotophilia) has been challenged by new datasets over the last two decades including baculum morphology, cytogenetics, and mitochondrial ribosomal sequence data. These studies have resulted in new classifications for the NycticeiusAike bats, but only one study has empirically tested Nycticeiini monophyly. In this study, a suite of nuclear markers including both exon (APOB, DMP1, RAG2) and intron (PRKCI, STAT5A, THY) gene regions were used with previously studied mtDNA sequences (12S rRNA, tRNAVal, 16S rRNA) to test Nycticeiini monophyly and develop new hypotheses for relationships of Nycticeius-Wke bats within Vespertilioninae. Although results of these phylogenetic analyses did not fully resolve phylogenetic relationships for all taxa historically included in Nycticeiini, they did reject the validity of Nycticeiini. Taxa historically circumscribed in this tribe were found scattered throughout generated phylogenies, with Scotoecus aligning basal to Pipistrellus-Nyctalus, Nycticeinops with the Hypsugine group, Scotomanes with Eptesicus, and Rhogeessa with Antrozous.

Ograniczanie wyników

3 Acta Chiropterologica

3 Lack J. B.

1 Roehrs Z. P.

1 Van Den Bussche R. A.

1 Van den Bussche R. A.

1 Wilkinson J. E.

1 van Den Bussche R. A.

1 2011

1 2010

1 2009

A relaxed molecular clock places an evolutionary timescale on the origins of North American big-eared bats (Vespertilionidae: Corynorhinus)

Range-wide population genetic structure of the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) — incongruent results from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA

A Molecular Phylogenetic Reevaluation of the Tribe Nycticeiini (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)