Lungs from 20 mouflons from the Owl Mountains were examined parasitologically, gross pathologically and histopathologically. In lungs nematodes from the family of Protostrongylidae were found. The number and species of the parasites was determined. Gross pathological examinations revealed the hatching and parasitic noduels. Histological examinations showed various crossections of parasites, heavy inflammatory infiltration, numerous necrotic foci and dystrophic calcification of pathologically changed parts of lungs.
Coproscopic examinations of mouflons Ovis aries musimon from four forest districts of Lower Silesia performed in spring and autumn from 2012 to 2014 demonstrated the presence of pulmonary nematodes and intestinal parasites, including coccidia of the genus Eimeria. Prevalence of pulmonary nematodes (mainly Muellerius capillaris) amounted to 69.78%, intestinal nematodes – 56.11% and coccidia of the genus Eimeria – 44.6%. The number of oocysts, eggs of intestinal helminths and larvae of pulmonary nematodes was low. Most frequently the parasites occurred in mouflons from the Jugów forest district, which is related to contact with sheep grazed in the area.
1-дневных фазаньих птенцов из 3 вылупливаний причислили по жребию к 2 группам кормления, каждая в 2 повторениях. Цпиц из контрольной группы кормили смесями, близкими по составу к Ph-1 и Ph-2, н фазанята из подопытной группы получали смеси из отечественных компонентов, содержащими 24% (стартер) и 21% (финишер) сырого белка. Замен компонентов и понижение количества белка в корме уменьшили стоимость сырья, употребленного на изготовление смесей, в пересчете на 100 кг корма на 1183 и 808 зл. Межгрупповые разницы в привесах 8-недельных фазанят составляли 0,2%, а в корморасходе — 0.6%. Итак, получили те самые эффекты роста при уменьшении стоимости корма на 21,7 и 17,1%.
The study was performed on growing pheasants (Phasianus colchicus L.) in order to determine the possibility to replace feed components of animal origin, particularly of fish flour, with Livex. There were used 3068 pheasants (chickens) allotted randomly into four groups. The birds were grown in the foil tunnel up to 8 weeks and fed dry mixtures in the following way: group I — dispensings were similar to Ph-1 and Ph 2; group R — poor mixtures containing native components; group III — components of animal origin were replaced1, by 8 per cent and later by 4 per cent of Livex; group IV — the same quantities of Livex (2%) and meat-bone flour were used as components of animal origin. The influence of Livex on the growth of pheasants was assessed on the basis of clinical observation, productive effects and blood examinations. Nearing effects were stated in all the groups of pheasants. Body weights of 4 weeks old birds ranged not significantly from 203 to 209 g and of 8 weeks old from 466 to 482 g. Not significant differences were also noted regarding the index of feed used. There was not any connection between the quality of feed and lossess in the period of growth, blood picture and biochemical indices of the blood. The findings indicate that there is a possibility to substitute Livex for other components ef animal origin especially fish flour.
The results of two experiments with livex performed on hunt growing pheasants (Phasianus colchicus L.) and on two flocks of reproductive hunt pheasants are presented. In growing pheasants a fish meal was completely eliminated from a diet and it was replaced by starter — 8%, and as finished 7% of livex was applied. In laying pheasants animal protein components were completely replaced by 8% of livex. The following parameters were examined: growth and healthy state, content of immunoglobulins, a total protein and electrophoretic fractions of serum proteins, effects of production (in pheasant chicks — dynamics of growth, food consumption, in egg layers — egg production, index of fertility, index of hatching, percent of death and cullings). It was found that replacement of proteins of animal origin in fodder by livex did not affect growth and healthy state of growing pheasants. These observations were confirmed by the results of the determinations of blood immunoglobulins and blood serum proteins. Adult pheasants fed during a reproduction period fodder enriched with 8% of livex as the only source of proteins of animal origin characterized a good healthy state. However, egg laying decreased and food consumption increased. These unprofitable results were compensated by increase of egg hatching and good condition of new hatched chicks.