Preferencje help
Polish version English version Język
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 4

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
1
Content available remote

Contribution of epidemiology in Poland for better understanding of the natural history of diseases in gastrointestinal tract

100%
Jedrychowski W.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2003
|
tom 54
|
nr 3
245-261
Descriptive epidemiologic studies on the geographical distribution of gastrointestinal diseases in Poland have been conducted in our country since several decades. One of the first descriptive analyses was cancer study in 1967, where age-standardized mortality rates in various regions of Poland by gender and area of residence (urban/rural) were presented. Since 1970 analytical epidemiologic studies aiming at explaining the natural course of various diseases within gastrointestinal tract started to produce interesting results. The first study in this field was the case-control study on the occurrence of peptic ulcer and tobacco smoking performed in 1974. The study provided one of the first epidemiologic evidence on the harmful effect of tobacco smoking in the etiology or peptic ulcers. Subsequent studies dealt with the importance of dietary habits and life style (tobacco smoking and vodka drinking) in the occurrence of gastric cancer. The studies confirmed previous findings that consumption of raw vegetables and fresh fruit is inversely related to risk for stomach cancer in Poland. In addition the results demonstrated, that dietary practices such as the modality of cooking the food, preparation of food products and storing conditions were connected with stomach cancer risk. These factors have also been found to influence the risk for stomach cancer in Poland. The main message of this latter study was that the family as a whole is affected by many risk factors for stomach cancer and families in which stomach cancer has occurred should be therefore targets for preventive measures. Interestingly, analysis of life style factors such as tobacco smoking or vodka drinking has showed that the risk for cardia cancer increased considerably for smokers of cigarettes without filters and in those who consumed large amounts of vodka. For the non-cardia region a uniform increase of risk could be observed for vodka drinking, regardless of cigarette smoking status. The findings of this study suggested the hypothesis that the effect of tobacco smoking and vodka drinking may be different for cardia cancer compared to the distal cancers. Our clinico-epidemiological study suggest that infection with Helicobacter pylori is not sufficient factor for inducing precancer changes in gastric mucosa. Besides, case-controls studies on dietary habits and physical activity level in the etiology of colorectal cancer are in progress. The preliminary results demonstrated the protective effect of higher physical activity in the occurrence of colorectal cancer after accounting for nutritional habits.
2
Content available remote

Wheezing and asthma may be enhanced by broad spectrum antibiotics used in early childhood. Concept and results of a pharmacoepidemiology study

39%
Jedrychowski W., Perera F., Maugeri U., Mroz E., Flak E., Perzanowski M., Majewska R.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2011
|
tom 62
|
nr 2
One of the mechanisms supposed to explain the increasing prevalence of asthma, among children in particular, is the use of antibiotics because they may modify natural microbial exposure and development of the immune system in early childhood. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between the use of various classes of antibiotics (penicillin, cephalosporin and macrolide derivatives) in early childhood and the medical diagnosis of asthma or wheezing reported by mothers over the follow-up after adjustment for potential confounders and respiratory infections. In a population-based sample of 5-year-olds, a part of the ongoing birth cohort study, the standardized interviews on health outcomes, potential confounders (child’s gender, maternal atopy, parity, prenatal and postnatal environmental tobacco smoke) and the use of antibiotics were gathered from mothers of 310 children. While the overall use of antibiotics during the early childhood was insignificantly associated with asthma (adjusted OR = 1.65, 95%CI: 0.93 – 2.93), the risk estimates were significant both for macrolide antibiotics (adjusted OR=2.14, 95%CI: 1.16–3.95) and cephalosporins (OR=1.98, 95%CI: 1.14–3.37). The significant excess in IRR (incident risk ratio) of wheezing episodes was related only to the use of macrolide antibiotics (adjusted IRR=1.91, 95%CI: 1.12–3.27). The use of other classes of antibiotics was found not to be associated with the medical diagnosis of asthma or wheezing episodes recorded in the study period. Conclusion: as early childhood use of broad spectrum antibiotics is associated with an increased risk of developing asthma in 5-year-olds, it may be hypothesized that the antibiotic- related suppression of allergic inflammatory responses in the course of treatment may later lead to greater than before atopic immune response in Th2 children or an impairment of Th1 immune responses in early childhood.
3
Content available remote

Impact of excessive gestational weight gain in non-smoking mothers on body fatness in infancy and early childhood. Prospective prebirth cohort study in Cracow

33%
Jedrychowski W., Maugeri U., Kaim I., Budzyn-Mrozek D., Flak E., Mroz E., Sochacka-Tatara E., Sowa A., Musial A.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2011
|
tom 62
|
nr 1
Gestational weight gain (GWG) is important for health policy as it may be associated with overweight epidemics in childhood and adolescence. The purpose of the study was to perform the risk assessment of joint effects of the excessive GWG and the pregravid maternal BMI on overweight in infancy and childhood. The observations were collected in the ongoing prospective birth cohort study of 482 non-smoking mothers and their newborns in Cracow inner city area. At 5 years of age the subsample of 312 infants were reexamined in order to assess their nutritional status. Body fatness was assessed by means of the weight/length ratio (WLR) in neonates and weight/height ratio (WHR) in 5-year-olds since they showed the strongest correlation with subcutaneous fat mass of young children. In the statistical analysis the binary regression models were applied to identify predictors of overweight. The excessive GWG (>18 kg) increased more than twofold the adjusted relative risk (RR) of neonatal fatness (R=2.7; 95% CI 2.0-3.7) and was also a significant independent risk factor for postnatal body fatness at 5 years of age (RR=2.0; 95% CI: 1.3-3.3). The results confirmed earlier findings that pregravid overweight increased not only the relative risk of neonatal fatness (RR=2.9; 95% CI: 2.2-3.9) but also overweight in early childhood (RR=2.7; 95% CI: 1.7-4.4). The conclusion is that excessive GWG may be a risk factor for overweight in early childhood and should be a focus of public health policy.
4
Content available remote

Maternal allergy as a potential source of variability of exhaled nitric oxide in children non-sensitized to common domestic allergens

33%
Jedrychowski W., Maugeri U., Zembala M., Klimaszewska-Rembiasz M., Mroz E., Flak E., Sowa A., Jacek R.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2012
|
tom 63
|
nr 3
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.