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Effects of lead chloride on human erythrocyte membranes and on kinetic anion sulphate and glutathione concentrations

100%

Gugliotta T., De Luca G., Romano P., Rigano C., Scuteri A., Romano L.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

2012

tom 17

nr 4

Our study concerns the effects of exposure to lead chloride on the morphology, K+ efflux, SO4 − influx and GSH levels of the human erythrocyte. Blood was collected in heparinized tubes and washed three times. The cells were suspended at 3% hematocrit and incubated for 1 h at 25°C in a medium containing increasing concentrations of lead chloride (0, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 μM). After incubation, the suspensions were centrifuged and the erythrocyte pellets were divided into three aliquots for testing. The results show: an increase in the permeability of erythrocytes treated with lead chloride with consequent damage and cellular death, especially in the presence of high concentrations; an increase in potassium ion efflux; alterations in the morphology and membrane structure of the red blood cells; and a decrease in sulphate uptake, due either to the oxidative effect of this compound on the band 3 protein, which loses its biological valence as a carrier of sulphate ions, or to a decrease in the ATP erythrocyte concentration. In conclusion, the exposure of erythrocytes to Pb2+ ions leads to a reduction in the average lifetime of the erythrocytes and the subsequent development of anemia. These data are discussed in terms of the possible effect of lead on the reduction-oxidation systems of the cell. Oxidant agents, such as lead, are known to cross-link integral membrane proteins, leading to K/Cl-cotransport. The increased K+ efflux affects the altered redox state.

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Microbial contamination in dental unit waterlines: comparison between Er:YAG laser and turbine lines

100%

Sacchetti R., Baldissarri A., De Luca G., Lucca P., Stampi S., Zanetti F.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

2006

tom 13

nr 2

The investigation was carried out by evaluating the microbiological characteristics of the water before and after treatment with Er:YAG laser and turbine. The study was carried out in 2 dental surgeries. In both cases the laser and dental units were served by two independent circuits, fed by the same potable tap water. Samples were taken from the water supplying and the water leaving the turbine and laser before and after treatment on the same patient. Total heterotrophic plate count was measured at 36oC and at 22oC, and the presence of Staphylococcus species and non-fermenting Gram negative bacteria was investigated. Bacterial contamination was found within the circuit, especially in the laser device. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in only 1 sample of supply water, in 11.1% and in 19.4% of the samples from the turbine and the laser respectively. No evidence of Staphylococcus aureus was found. The contamination of supply water was low, whereas that of the water leaving the handpieces of the 2 devices was high, especially in the laser. Attention should be paid to the control of the water leaving laser devices, given the increasingly wide use of such instruments in dental treatment exposed to risk of infection.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

1 Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

2 De Luca G.

1 Baldissarri A.

1 Gugliotta T.

1 Lucca P.

1 Rigano C.

1 Romano L.

1 Romano P.

1 Sacchetti R.

1 Scuteri A.

1 Stampi S.

1 Zanetti F.

1 2012

1 2006

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Effects of lead chloride on human erythrocyte membranes and on kinetic anion sulphate and glutathione concentrations

Microbial contamination in dental unit waterlines: comparison between Er:YAG laser and turbine lines