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The intensive increase in poultry production requires a variety of different measures to maintain high productivity of broiler chickens while maintaining a high level of bird welfare. One issue is the growing population of Alphitobius diaperinus, which occurs all over the world. This beetle is considered a pest in poultry production and causes major losses to poultry producers. Its development cycle consists of four stages: an egg, a larva, a pupa and an adult. It is necessary to reduce the number of these insects in poultry houses, in which they constitute a serious problem both for the birds and for the buildings themselves. The beetle does a lot of damage by tunnelling in floor and wall crevices, thus destroying the insulation of the building. It has been proved experimentally that the lesser mealworm is also a vector for many serious diseases of poultry and humans. The beetle infected with pathogens may remain infectious for a long time. A. diaperinus is a carrier of dangerous pathogens and viruses as well as protozoa and parasites in poultry. The lesser mealworm shows a noticeable sexual dimorphism. Correct and quick identification of the sex of A. diaperinus on poultry farms could facilitate insect control. Field and laboratory research is being conducted to find an effective method of reducing the population of the lesser mealworm.
The objective of the research was to estimate the microbiological quality of feed and fodder components for the occurrence of Salmonella produced in the area monitored by the Department of Veterinary Hygiene in Olsztyn in the period 2010-2015. The compilation was prepared on the basis on the data of the Department of Veterinary Hygiene in Olsztyn. The research was performed according to the requirements of Polish Standard PN-EN ISO 6579. In the Warmia and Mazury Provinces in the period 2010-2015, 6109 fodder samples were tested. 54 samples gave positive results, which accounted for 0.88%. In 2010, 1537 samples were tested. Whereas in the years: 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 the number of samples tested was, consecutively: 1187; 950; 1304; 659 and 472. At this time, the most contaminated feed materials were rapeseed meal, which accounted for 5.81%. This feed material has had the highest degree of fodder contamination with Salmonella, and is represented as a good substrate for the development of bacteria. Afterwards, fishmeal was contaminated for 3.13% and soybean meal – 3.02%. The rarest contaminated materials for fodder production was meat and bone meal (0.28%). The results from the area monitored by the Department of Veterinary Hygiene in Olsztyn are similar to the levels of contamination reported in other years in the Warmia and Mazury. Technological advances and increasingly stringent control systems make it possible to reduce the degree of contamination of feed with Salmonella. However, it needs to be remembered that Salmonella is common in the environment. The bacteria has a high ability for survival. It is not possible for it to be completely eliminated.
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