The paper presents harmfulness estimation of the most important diseases and pests occurring in main agricultural and horticultural crops in Poland in 2011. Presented data are based on the results of field observations provided by Plant Health and Seed Inspection Service Inspectors. In 2011 the increase of agrophages’ occurrence was recorded in the case of: Oulema spp., Sitobion avenae F., Haplodiplosis equestris Wagner – on wheat, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary – on potatoes, Meligethes aeneus F., Ceutorhynchus quadridens Panz., Ceutorhynchus napi Gyll., Ceutorhynchus assimilis Payk., Dasyneura brassice Winn. – on rape, Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. et Curt.) Rostovzev, Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans (Sm. et B.) Young, Peronospora destructor (Berk.) Fr., Pieris brassicae L., Brevicoryne brassicae L., Chamaepsila rosae Fabr. – on vegetable crops Hoplocampa testudinea Klug., Cydia pomonella L., Cydia funebrana Tr. – in orchards comparing to 2010.