The implementation of Ecohydrology (EH) – a transdisciplinary problem-solving science - has to be based upon the development of system solutions for river basins which have to harmonise hydrological processes with ecosystems dynamics and societies’ needs. The network of the UNESCO International Hydrological Programme EH Demonstration Projects was organised for scientific advancement, knowledge transfer, calibration of methods, education and capacity building. From the methodological point of view, the goal has been to accelerate transition from the stage of information collection and knowledge development into wisdom generation, which in practical dimension means a shift from understanding of relationships and patterns to understanding of processes and finally, formulation of principles for action. The selected Demonstration Projects from different continents cover the broad scope of water, ecosystem and society problems in such ecological systems as basin landscapes, wetlands/grasslands and floodplains, cities, lakes & reservoirs and estuaries & costal zones. This unique set of projects of large scale, long term testing and development by adaptive assessment and management, has become not only a fundamental lesson for costefficient implementation of the ecohydrology principles for IWRM, but also a starting point for "engineering harmony" between society and environment.
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