In 2009 microfilaremia was recognized in ten dogs living in five distinct districts located near Warsaw, the capital of Poland. Based on PCR results, all the animals were found to be infected with Dirofilaria repens. Nine of the infected dogs have never travelled outside the country and it was assumed that the cases were native. Monitoring the infection in the European countries should be introduced to establish the actual geographic range of dirofilariosis.
Acanthoheilonema reconditum was found during monitoring dogs living in the vicinity of Warsaw, for Dirofilaria spp. infection. The microfilaremia in blood was at first detected by microscopy and then molecular tests for distinct filarial markers were performed. PCR product sequencing confirmed that the microfilaria detected in two dogs were A. reconditum. These are the first two cases of canine acanthocheilonemiasis detected in Poland.
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