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1

Kinetic properties of leak channel currents in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pyramidal neurons in rats

100%
Ksiazek A., Witkowski G., Szulczyk P.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2011
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tom 71
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nr S
The prefrontal cortex is involved in cognitive function. It has been suggested that dysfunction of mPFC occurs in widespread neuropsychiatric disorders. The purpose of this study was to classify K+ channel currents along their kinetic properties in mPFC pyramidal neurons. Channel current recordings were performed from dispersed pyramidal neurons in cell-attached configuration in symmetrical K+ solutions. The kinetic properties of 100 channel currents were analysed. A total of 27% resembled leak, TREKlike channel currents. Their mean amplitude was 6.9 pA, dwell time was 1.31 ms, and NPo was 0.009 at -50 mV. Their outward and inward conductances were 160 and 150 pS, respectively. The channel currents were strongly mechanosensitive. A total of 27% resembled TASK-like channel currents. Their mean amplitude was 2.0 pA, dwell time was 0.58 ms and NPo 0.11 at -50 mV. Inward and outward conductances were 48 and 71 pS, respectively. A total of 34% were BK-like channel currents. Their amplitude was 5.8 pA, dwell time was 1.1 ms, and NPo was 0.03 at +25 mV. Their outward conductance was 177 pS. In cell-attached configuration, the BK channel currents were only outward. The application of Ca2+ ions from the intracellular side in inside-out configuration strongly activated these channels. A total of 5% channel currents were not classified. Surprisingly, we did not find voltage dependent K+ channel currents. We concluded that the leak-type channel currents could be important players in setting the level of membrane potential in mPFC pyramidal neurons.
2

Neuron czuciowy bolowy

100%
Szulczyk P., Rola R., Szulczyk B., Witkowski G.
Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej
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2002
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tom 56
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nr 3
361-375
3
Content available remote

Effect of cyclic adenosine monophosphate on the G protein-dependent inward rectifier Kplus-like channel current in medial prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons

100%
Witkowski G., Rola R., Szulczyk P.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2012
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tom 63
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nr 5
4

Anatomy of the common calcaneal tendon in horse (Equus caballus)

100%
Szaro P., Witkowski G., Bartyzel B. J., Ciszek B.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Veterinary Medicine
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2011
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tom 14
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nr 4
5

Properties of single noninactivating K plus channel currents in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pyramidal neurons

100%
Ksiazek A., Ladno V., Witkowski G., Szulczyk P.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2012
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tom 72
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nr 2
Distorted activity of mPFC neurons occurs in age-dependent, widespread neuropsychiatric disorders. Single noninactivating K+ channel currents were recorded in cell attached configuration from freshly dispersed mPFC pyramidal neurons. Neurons were obtained from young (20 days old, 185 channels analyzed), periadolescent (40 days old, 71 channels analyzed) and adult rats (60 days old, 84 channels analyzed). There were found 3 major groups of channel currentsin tested neurons: (1) Ca++ dependent K+ channel currents; these channel currents when recorded in cell attached configuration expressed only outward conductance (150 pS); in inside out configuration they expressed also inward conductance when Ca++ ions applied to the cytoplasmatic side of the membrane; (2) large conductance leak channel currents showed outward (150 pS) and inward (150 pS) conductance in cell attached configuration; these channels were strongly mechanosensitive; (3) small conductance leak channel currents had outward and inward conductance about 30–40 pS. Each category of tested channel currents had similar properties biophysical properties in neurons obtained from rats of different age. Smaller proportion of Ca++ dependent K+ channel currents and larger proportion large conductance leak channel currents were found in pyramidal neurons obtained from preadolescent rats comparing to young and adult rats (see table). Supported by NN401584638 and NN401076537.
6

Anatomy of the common calcaneal tendon in rat (Rattus norwegicus)

100%
Szaro P., Witkowski G., Ciszek B.
Polish Journal of Natural Sciences
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2012
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tom 27
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nr 3
The aim of the study was to describe anatomy of the common calcaneal tendon in rat (Rattus norvegicus) and to correlate individual parts of the tendon with the muscles that act with the aid of them. Ten pelvic extremities of adult rats were fixed in 10% of formaldehyde and were dissected layer-by- layer method with microsurgical instruments under the operating microscope (4 and10 fold magnification). The fascicles of the soleus muscle and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle compose the deepest layer of the tendon. The fascicle of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle is located more superficially. The strong tendon of the plantaris muscle covers the fascicles listed above. The common calcaneal tendon in rat is composed of twisted fascicles attaching on the tuber calcanei. Fascicles of the following muscles: gastrocnemius and soleus are twisted along the long axis of the common calcaneal tendon, which is additionally strengthened from behind by the plantaris tendon. A detailed knowledge of anatomy of the common calcaneal tendon in rats provides a better understanding of pathology of the tendon. Conclusions are often extrapolated to the human calcaneal tendon.
7

Characteristics of brown trout [Salmo trutta m.fario L.] redds in selected streams of the Rudawa River basin

76%
Mikolajczyk T., Witkowski G., Gawlyta R., Tyrcha K., Mrozkiewicz S., Sokolowska-Mikolajczyk S., Epler P.
Archives of Polish Fisheries
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2003
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tom 11
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nr 2
The quantity and characteristics of brown trout redds located in four streams of the Rudawa River basin in the Cracow Valleys Park (Park Dolinki Krakowskie) were investigated. The study was performed in late fall 2001 in the Będkówka, Kluczwoda, Racławka and Rudawka streams, all of which are left bank tributaries of the Rudawa River. A total of 328 redds were noted. The characteristics of twelve redds from each stream were described in detail, including water depth above the dome, water speed above the dome and the surface area of the redd. The contribution of certain gravel sizes in the composition of the domes was also investigated. There were no differences among the streams with reference to the surface areas of the redds or the water speed above the domes. The surface area of the redds ranged from 2081 to 3044 cm², while water speed above the dome varied from 73 to 82 cm s⁻¹. Significant differences in the water depth above the dome were noted among the different streams (from 12.58 cm in the Kluczwoda to 33.62 in the Rudawka). The contribution of fine gravel fraction (= 1 mm) also varied significantly among the streams. The highest sediment content was recorded in the Rudawka and Kluczwoda streams at 14.22 and 13.28% of the total weight of the gravel sample, respectively. This indicates that, despite the large number of redds in these watercourses, the final results of spawning could be very poor because of the probability of the asphyxiation of embryos by sediments. The Będkówka Stream is the most productive and promising trout spawning ground in the whole basin, and, as such, should be put under special protection.
8
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Strategie życiowe studentów kierunku ratownictwo medyczne

64%
Nowicki G., Rzonca P., Goniewicz M., Chemperek E., Naylor K., Wozniak J., Witkowski G., Chrzanowska-Wasik M.
Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu
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2014
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tom 20(49)
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nr 1
Wstęp. Migracja z terenów charakteryzujących się najwyższym poziomem bezrobocia, do takich zalicza się województwo lubelskie, dotknęła także młodych pracowników ochrony zdrowia w tym ratowników medycznych. Cel pracy. Celem pracy była analiza deklaracji dotyczących strategii życiowych studentów kierunku ratownictwo medyczne Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie. Materiał i metoda. Badaniu z użyciem anonimowej ankiety poddano 129 studentów kierunku ratownictwo medyczne. Wyniki badań. Dla prawie 65% ankietowanych studentów priorytetem życiowym jest szczęśliwe życie rodzinne. Po ukończeniu studiów pierwszego stopnia jedna trzecia badanych zamierza kontynuować naukę na studiach drugiego stopnia. Ponad 66% studentów odpowiedziało, że na rynku pracy lokalnym i krajowym znajdą pracę, ale będą jej długo szukać, natomiast ponad 61% odpowiedziało, że na rynku międzynarodowym znajdą pracę bez trudu. Ponad jedna trzecia studentów jest zainteresowana wyjazdem za granicę. Najpopularniejszym krajem emigracji wybieranym przez studentów okazała się Wielka Brytania (41,57%). Wnioski. 1. Priorytetem życiowym dla większości ankietowanych studentów kierunku ratownictwo medyczne jest założenie rodziny. 2. Większość badanych studentów, po ukończeniu studiów pierwszego stopnia, zamierza kontynuować naukę na studiach drugiego stopnia. 3. W opinii respondentów znalezienie pracy w wyuczonym zawodzie na rynku pracy lokalnym i krajowym zajmie im dużo czasu, natomiast za granicą znajdą ją bez trudu. 4. Władze regionalne i władze uczelni muszą uruchomić programy podnoszące atrakcyjność województwa lubelskiego, których celem będzie zatrzymanie corocznej fali wyjazdu najzdolniejszych młodych ludzi poza Lubelszczyznę.
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