Palynological analysis of deposits ranging from the Middle Oligocene through the Upper Miocene from borings in the Great Poland Lowlands is presented. Mai's climatic-floristic phases on the territory under study have been characterized on the basis of the results of palynological analyses. A permanent tendency has been found to eliminate succesive warmlike components of flora in younger warm phases of the Neogene. Descriptions of 174 species of sporomorph are given. A new genus, Iteapollis a new species Microfoveolatisporis minutus and several new combinations have been erected by the present writer.
The assemblages of Charophyta from the Nemegt Formation (Upper Cretaceous) and some Paleocene deposits of Mongolia are compared to those from China, Europe and America. It appears that Charophyta are useful in stratigraphy of continental deposits. The present investigations provided new evidence of the age of the Nemegt Formation from Mongolia. The assemblage of this formation is intermediate between two Upper Cretaceous assemblages from the “Red Beds” from China. Comparisons with the Chinese, European and American assemblages indicate that the Nemegt Formation is not younger than the Lower Campanian, thus is older than it was supposed before. The state of preservation of the oogonia permit to draw some ecological conclusions.