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1

The possible role of BAX and BI-1 genes in chilling-induced cell death in cucumber fruit

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Zhao Y., Chen J., Tao X., Zheng X., Mao L.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
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2014
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tom 36
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nr 06
The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible role of BAX and BI-1 genes in chilling injury of cucumber fruit. BAX and BI-1 gene expressions were assayed under 2 ± 1°C. Meanwhile, cell death, cellular integrity, specific chromatin fragmentation and nucleus morphology in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Zhexiu1) fruits were determined. Results indicated that BAX and BI-1 genes were activated by low temperature and the expression level of the BAX was much higher than BI-1. At the same time, electrolyte leakage and cell death were increased coupled with nuclear envelope disassembly and DNA fragmentation during the occurrence of chilling injury. In addition, characteristic features of programmed cell death were induced as well as the initiation of chilling injury. The interaction of BAX and BI-1 might predetermine the cell life or death in response to cold stimulus.
2

Distribution and accumulation of selenium in plants and health risk assessment from a selenium-rich area in China

86%
Zhao B., Zhou S., Wu X., Xing K., Zhu Y., Hu L., Tao X.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2018
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tom 27
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nr 6
In order to investigate the concentrations of selenium (Se) in plants of the Dashan Region, a typical Se-rich area of China, and to illuminate the daily dietary Se intake of residents in this region, 83 crop samples and 144 Chinese herb samples were collected. Total Se was analyzed in the edible portion of crops and the medical portion of Chinese herbs. The average concentrations of Se ranged from 100 to 3,100 μg kg⁻¹ (dry weight/DW) in different crops and from 20 to 1,500 μg kg⁻¹ in the Chinese herbs (DW). The crop that contained the highest concentrations of Se was radish, while maize contained the lowest levels. For the Chinese herbs, the highest concentrations of Se were found in Rumex japonicas, while Cape jasmine contained the lowest levels of Se. The average enrichment coefficients (ECs) were 6.1-300% in crops, and 1.6⁻¹17% in Chinese herbs. Among the crops, radish had the highest EC (300%), while pumpkin had the lowest (6.1%). Among the Chinese herbs, Sapium sebiferum had the highest EC (117%), while Dicranopteris dichotoma had the lowest (1.6%). Based on the composition of residents’ daily diets, the estimated daily Se intake from crops was 282±20 μg day⁻¹, and was about 5 times higher than the RDA value suggested by WHO (55 μg day⁻¹). Although no selenosis incidents have occurred in the Dashan Region to date, the potential health risk caused by chronic exposure to high levels of Se cannot be ignored.
3
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Biomass partition and carbon storage of Cunninghamia lanceolata chronosequence plantations in Dabie Mountains in East China

86%
Xie X., Cui J., Shi W., Liu X., Tao X., Wang Q., Xu X. N.
Dendrobiology
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2016
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tom 76
The quantification of biomass carbon pools is important for understanding carbon cycling in forest ecosystems. This study was designed to reveal the effects of stand age on biomass partitioning and carbon storage of Chinese fir plantation stands in Dabie Mountains of Anhui, East China. A total of six even-aged Chinese fir plantation stands along an age-sequence from 10 to 50 years were selected. To quantify the biomass of different tree components, 18 trees with diameter at breast height (D1.3) from 6.5 to 35.2 cm were harvested from the different aged stands. Biomasses of understory vegetation, forest floor and standing dead trees were also investigated. Total biomass carbon storages ranged from 57.6 to 211.4 Mg ha–1 in the different aged stands. Tree layer comprised from 93.7% to 96.4% of the total biomass C pools in the different aged stands. The C pools of the necromass were from 1.8 to 6.2 Mg ha–1. Stand age had a significant effect on tree biomass partitioning, with an increase in proportion of root biomass. The root/shoot ratios were from 0.187 to 0.312, which was significantly positively correlated to stand age. The existing plantation stands are still developing and have somewhat high rate of biomass and carbon accumulations beyond the normal rotation period (usually 25–30 years) even over an age of 50 years. Appropriate prolongation of the rotation period of Chinese fir plantation will be effective in maintaining long-term productivity and providing large carbon sink. The measurements provide valuable data for modelling productivity of Chinese fir plantation forest.
4
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Coelacanths from the Middle Triassic Luoping Biota, Yunnan, South China, with the earliest evidence of ovoviviparity

72%
Wen W., Zhang Q.-Y., Hu S.-X., Benton M. J., Zhou C.-Y., Tao X., Huang J.-Y., Chen Z.-Q.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
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2013
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tom 58
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nr 1
The fossil record of coelacanths is patchy, with very few taxa known from the Triassic of Asia. We report here two new genera and species of coelacanths from the Luoping Biota, a recently found site of exceptional fossil preservation from Yunnan, South China. The first new taxon, Luopingcoelacanthus eurylacrimalis, is based on four specimens, which to− gether show most aspects of the anatomy. One specimen shows two small coelacanths inside the ventral portion of the ab− dominal cavity, and these are interpreted as intrauterine embryos, close to birth size, based on comparisons with previ− ously reported embryos of the fossil coelacanths Rhabdoderma and Undina, and the extant genus Latimeria. Our new find extends the evidence for ovoviviparity in coelacanths back from the Late Jurassic to the Middle Triassic. The second new taxon, Yunnancoelacanthus acrotuberculatus, is based on one specimen, and differs from Luopingcoelacanthus in the dentary, lachrymojugal, number of rays of the first dorsal fin, and especially in the ornament on dermal bones and scales. Acladistic analysis shows that the new taxa are closest relatives to the derived clade Latimerioidei. The relatively high di− versity of coelacanths in the Early Triassic, and adaptations of living Latimeria to low−oxygen conditions, suggests that the group may have included ‘disaster taxa’ that benefited from anoxic and dysoxic ocean conditions in the aftermath of the end−Permian mass extinction.
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