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Characterization of leather industry wastes

100%

Ozgunay H., Colak S., Mutlu M. M., Akyuz F.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2007

tom 16

nr 6

867-873

In this research samples from solid wastes coming out from various process steps during manufacturing of garment sheep skins, shoe upper goat skins, shoe upper hides and sole leathers have been collected. These samples have been classified among themselves and their characteristics have been determined by various chemical analysis. By characterization of solid wastes which state problems for the environment and costs for treatment; data have been obtained which can be used for new management and evaluation methods.

Determination of dyestuffs remaining in dyeing processes of vegetable-tanned leathers and their removal using shavings

100%

Zengin G., Ozgunay H., Ayan E. M., Mutlu M. M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2012

tom 21

nr 2

This study investigates amounts of acid and metal complex dyes remaining in baths after the dyeing processes of vegetable tanned leathers and their removal using chromium and vegetable shavings as adsorbents. The results indicated that 97-867 mgL⁻¹ of acid dyes and 15-369 mgL⁻¹ of metal complex dyes remain at the end of dyeing processes of vegetable-tanned leathers. The adsorption behaviors of chromium and vegetable shavings were investigated toward four acid dyes and four 1:1 metal complex dyes having four different types of metal atoms (Cr, Fe, Cu, Co). Batch adsorption technique was used in adsorption experiments. The effects of time, pH, and adsorbent amount parameters on dye adsorption were investigated. Optimum pH values were pH 2.0 and pH 3.8 for vegetable shavings and chromium shavings, respectively. Adsorption capacities of chromium and vegetable shavings were found to be between 123.5-454.5 mg·g⁻¹ and 68.0-154.0 mg·g⁻¹ depending on the type of dye. From the results it was clearly seen that both chromium and vegetable shavings could be used as adsorbents for acid and metal complex dyes, while chromium shavings performed better. The experimental data of adsorption isotherms of all dyes fit well to the Langmuir model.

Nanofiltration of cork wastewaters and their possible use in leather industry as tanning agents

76%

Geraldes V., Minhalma M., De P. M. N., Anil A., Ozgunay H., Bitlisli B. O., Sari O.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2009

tom 18

nr 3

353-357

Cork processing wastewater is a very complex mixture of vegetal extracts and has, among other natural compounds, a very high content of phenolic/tannic colloidal matter that is responsible for severe environmental problems. In the present work, the concentration of this wastewater by nanofiltration was investigated with the aim of producing a cork tannin concentrate to be utilized in tanning. Permeation results showed that the permeate fluxes are controlled by both osmotic pressure and fouling/gel layer phenomena, leading to a rapid decrease of permeate fluxes with the concentration factor. The rejection coefficients to organic matter were higher than 95%, indicating that nanofiltration has a very good ability to concentrate the tannins and produce a permeate stream depleted from organic matter. The cork tannin concentrate obtained by nanofiltration and evaporation had total solids concentration of 34.8 g/l. The skins tanned by this concentrate were effectively converted to leather with a shrinking temperature of 71℃ .

Ograniczanie wyników

3 Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

3 Ozgunay H.

2 Mutlu M. M.

1 Akyuz F.

1 Anil A.

1 Ayan E. M.

1 Bitlisli B. O.

1 Colak S.

1 De P. M. N.

1 Geraldes V.

1 Minhalma M.

1 Sari O.

1 Zengin G.

1 2012

1 2009

1 2007

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Characterization of leather industry wastes

Determination of dyestuffs remaining in dyeing processes of vegetable-tanned leathers and their removal using shavings

Nanofiltration of cork wastewaters and their possible use in leather industry as tanning agents