Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 33

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
The secretion of gonadotrophins from anterior pituitary cells can be modulated by leptin and signals originating from the immune system, among others, by nitric oxide (NO). There are some studies that have demonstrated a role for leptin and NO in the regulation of FSH in rodents, however, no similar data are available in regard to ewes. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to analyse the leptin effect on GnRH-induced FSH secretion from the ovine anterior pituitary cells in vitro. Additionally, the influence of leptin on NO release and its role in the GnRH and leptin–modulated secretion of FSH from pituitary gland of ewes was investigated. The obtained results show that the influence of leptin on FSH secretion is biphasic. Leptin in concentration 10-8 and 10-7 M/l significantly enhances, whereas 10-6 and 10-5 M/l of leptin suppresses FSH secretion from the pituitary cells in comparison to the control. The secretion of FSH and NO release under the influence of leptin are in very high positive correlation (r=0.77). The inhibition of NO synthesis with L-NAME, instead, disables leptin from the stimulation of FSH secretion.
The objective of this study was to analyse the response of porcine pituitary cells to leptin, insulin, and IGF-I in vitro. Pituitary cells were cultured in McCoy 5A medium without hormones (negative control), with GnRH (4x10⁻⁹M/L) (positive control), with GnRH and 10⁻¹¹-10⁻⁶ M/L of leptin, with GnRH and 3.9-91.0 mlU/L of insulin, or with GnRH and 1.03-39.2x10⁻⁹ M/L of IGF-I. After 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 h of cell incubation, the secretion of LH was determined. The obtained results showed that the effect of leptin and insulin on LH secretion from pituitary cells was dependent on the used dose of leptin. Leptin in concentrations 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁸, and 10⁻⁷ M/L were significantly (P≤0.05) enhanced, whereas in concentration 10⁻⁶ M/L suppressed a LH secretion. Insulin at a dose from 3.9 to 13.0 mlU/L caused an increment, whereas in higher concentrations - a significant (P≤0.05) drop in LH secretion. Almost full positive correlation (r=0.98) between the level of IGF-I in the culture medium and LH secretion was found.
The objective of this study was to analyse the response of hepatocytes on various concentrations of 17ß-oestradiol (17ß-E) under iron-induced oxidative stress in vitro. Isolated by in situ collagenase perfusion hepatocytes were cultured in DMEM/HAMS-12 (v/v) medium without any additional agents (control), with Fe³⁺ alone, and with Fe³⁺ aild 0.2%, 0.02%, and 0.002% solution of 17ß-E (17ß-EI, 17ß-EII, and 17ß-EIII, respectively). After 24, 48, and 72 h, medium malonylodialdehyde (MDA), haptoglobin (Hpt) concentration and proliferative activity were determined. In comparison to control samples, and samples collected at 24 and 72 h, hepatocytes exposition to Fe³⁺, caused a significant increase in MDA (0.056 ±0.011 nM/mL) only after 48 h of incubation. Each of 17ß-E concentrations resulted in a decrease in MDA in samples obtained after 24 and 48 h. In comparison to the first 24 h, Fe³⁺ alone and together with 17ß-EI, 17ß-EII, and 17ß-EIII caused a significant augmentation of Hpt level in 48 h and 72 h of the experiment. Each of the 17ß-E concentrations added to the culture medium resulted in inhibition of hepatic proliferative activity, especially in the 72 h of cell culture.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) on GnRH-induced LH and FSH secretion by porcine pituitary cells in vitro. Moreover, the concentrations of superoxide anion radical (O₂⁻), as a possible mediator of 2-ME action, and malonyldialdehyde (MDA), as an oxidative stress indicator, were estimated. Pituitary cells were cultured in McCoy 5A medium with GnRH (positive control), with GnRH and 3.3× l0⁻¹¹,-3.3×10⁻⁷ M/L of 2-ME, or with GnRH and 2.7×10⁻⁹- 2.7×10⁻⁸ M/L of 17ß-estradiol. The secretion of gonadotropins, as well as concentrations of superoxide anion and MDA were analysed after 2-72 h of the experiment. A positive correlation between 2-ME dose and FSH secretion from anterior pituitary cells (r=0.72, 0.95, 0.92, 0.90, 0.85, and 0.82 after 2, 6, 18, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively) was demonstrated. In contrast, a negative correlation between 2-ME concentration and LH secretion was observed (r=-0.82, -0.72, -0.85, -0.89, -0.93, and -0.79 after 2, 6, 18, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively). The concentration of O₂⁻ was increasing under the influence of the rising doses of 2-ME, whereas the mean level of MDA was not changing significantly.
We sought to analyse the proliferative activity and PPARγ expression in neoplastic and non-neoplastic rat hepatocytes, exposed to immunologically trained macrophages M1 (Mf-M1). Ten-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into two groups: I - control (n=5) and II neoplstic (n=5). To induce HCC in the neoplastic group, genotoxic diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was administered after a partial hepatectomy (PH). Hepatocytes were isolated by liver perfusion method and the mononuclear blood cells were isolated using Lymphoprep density-gradient centrifugation. After differentiation, blood cells were treated with barley-derived β-glucan (BBG) (10 μg/ml). Adhered heaptocytes and Mf were cultured in 3D Quasi-Vivo System during 24 h. Then, hepatic proliferation and PPAR γ expression were analysed after 72 h and the 1st ,the 2nd and the 3rd week of incubation. The proliferation index of control hepatocytes ranged between 0.41±0.04 – 0.43±0.03 after 72 h and after the 3rd week of incubation respectively. Exposure of these cells to Mf resulted in marked increase of IP after the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd week of incubation. When hepatocytes were influenced by proinflammatory Mf- M1, their proliferation was maintained at control stage. DEN-obtained hepatocytes, not influenced by macrophages, exhibit enhanced proliferation. When these cells where co-cultured with Mf-M1, marked (P≤0.05) inhibition of cell proliferation was observed. In such condition, a high negative relationship (r= -0.93) between proliferative activity of the hepatocytes and the PPARγ concentration was observed. We conclude that immunologically trained macrophages M1, are capable to activation of PPARγ in rat neoplastic hepatocytes derived from experimentally induced HCC. In turn intensified expression of PPARγ may inhibited proliferation of neoplastic cell in vitro.
Ketogenic diet (KD) is considered in the context of its anti-epileptic effects, but its influence on liver dysfunction has not been elucidated yet. The study was aimed to investigate the activity of hepatocytes (Hep) and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) isolated from rats fed with KD, in respect of NO and superoxide generation by these cells as well as their proliferative activity in vitro. We also sought to characterize the plasma FFA profiles in control and ketogenic rats. Hep and HSC were isolated by the collagenase perfusion method and separated by the Percoll gradient centrifugation. After the 4th, 8th and 12th day of incubation, the media were collected for further analysis. NO generation increased within the time of incubation both in Hep and HSC isolated from KD-rats. In HSC group NO production raised significantly from 2.65 ± 0.07 μM/10⁶ cells on 4th day of incubation to 5.49 ± 1.2 μM/10⁶ cells on 12th day of incubation. In respect to O₂-. generation experimental Hep and HSC provide considerably higher quantities of this free radical. until 12th day of incubation (2.5 ± 0.07 and 3.2 ± 0.3 nM/10⁶ cells, respectively). Although KD exerts anti-proliferative effect on hepatocytes, in respect to HSC it intensifies their proliferative activity. Furthermore, as we estimated on the basis of NO and O₂-. generation both Hep and HSC exposed to KD are the source of free radicals.
The aim of the studies was to compare lean and obese high-producing milk Holstein-Fresian cows in terms of their insulin sensitivity. 17 animals, 2-8 years of age, weighing 480-725 kg, with a daily milk yield fluctuating between 25.4 and 46.5 kg, were divided into two groups, depending on the body weight and condition: lean and obese cows. Subsequently, both groups were divided into subgroups according to the month of lactation. Their condition was evaluated on a five-point Body Condition Score (BCS) scale. Throughout the entire experiment, the cows were fed ad libitum with the same feed and had free access to fresh water. Blood samples were collected every week directly after milking from the subcutaneous abdominal vein. In the whole blood the glucose level was measured, whereas in the plasma, insulin and FFA concentrations were analysed. On the basis of the results obtained, insulin sensitivity was analysed according to the RQUICKI formula (“Revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index”), and the energy balance was calculated. In both experimental groups of lactating cows, the plasma insulin level was found to be several times higher than the physiological norm for non-lactating animals. The highest insulin concentration was noted in obese cows with BCS 3.5. Moreover, in the obese group a high negative correlation (r = -0.62) between insulin sensitivity and BCS, and a positive correlation between the insulin level and BCS were found. The level of free fatty acids (FFA) increased during the lactation, and in both groups it was higher than the reference data. The highest FFA concentration, similarly to insulin, was found in obese cows with BCS 3.5. The glucose level increased during the lactation in both groups of animals, but it was lower than the physiological norm for non-lactating cows. According to our results, there is a relationship between the insulin concentration, insulin sensitivity, and body condition (BCS) in high-producing milk cows. In high-yielding dairy cows elevated levels of FFA may indicate that insulin sensitivity is suppressed. The fat high-producing cows maintained on a positive energy balance are more likely to develop insulin resistance and succumb to production diseases. The RQUICKI test enables an easy assessment of tissue response to insulin.
The present study reports the investigation on the influence of reduced glutathione (GSH) on bile secretion in 4 canulated sheep during constant intraduodenal infusion of bile alone, bile with sodium taurocholate (TCHNa) or bile with sodium deoxycholate (DCHNa). Infusions of bile alone and bile with TCHNa or DCHNa brought about an increase in the bile salts secretion from 0.05 ± 0.01 (μM/min/kg to the value of 0.12 ± 0.03, 0.22 ± 0.07 and 0.32 ± 0.08 μM/min/kg, respectively. It was shown that the administration of GSH during the infusion of both bile alone and bile+bile salts slightly but significantly (p < 0.05) lowered bile salts secretion. At the same time both bile with glutathione and bile+bile salts+glutathione increased the bile flow significantly (p < 0.05) as compared to that found after infusions without glutathione. After the i.v. administration of GSH, the volume of the bile increased to a lesser extent than it did with bile+TCHNa or, especially, with bi- le+DCHNa infusions. The concentration of glutathione in the bile was the highest during the infusion of bile+DCHNa (671.18 ng/ml), lower during the infusion of bile+TCHNa (471.40 ng/ml) and the lowest during the infusion of bile alone. Although the bile salts secretion decreased during the simultaneous infusion of the bile with bile salts and glutathione, there was an increase in the bile flow. Therefore, we concluded that some bile acid independent fraction was secreted into the bile and that the fraction was dependent on GSH secretion at the level of canaliculi.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.