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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rosemary herb on performance, egg quality, blood profile, immune function and antioxidant status in Hi-sex Brown laying hens. A total of 96 thirty-six-week-old laying hens were assigned to 4 dietary treatments (6 replications of 4 hens per group) and were fed the control diet or diets supplemented with 3, 6 or 9 g·kg–1 of rosemary powder until 52 weeks of age. There were no differences in live body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio or egg weight due to adding rosemary. Egg numbers and egg mass linearly increased with rosemary supplementation. Adding rosemary to laying hen diets resulted in a linear increase in yolk percent (P < 0.05) and yolk-to-albumen ratio (P = 0.01), and a decrease in albumen percent (P < 0.05) compared with the non-supplemented group. Serum constituents were not significantly influenced by rosemary, except urea, total cholesterol, immunoglobulins M (IgM) and A (IgA) concentrations. In comparison with the control group, the diet enriched with rosemary numerically reduced serum triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, but HDL-cholesterol level was elevated with the same addition. Superoxide dismutase activity was linearly and quadratically (P = 0.007 and 0.002, respectively) increased in rosemary groups, and was maximized (290 U·ml–1) at 6 g·kg–1 diet. In conclusion, rosemary supplemented up to 6 g·kg–1 diet can be used as effective feed additive to improve performance, immunity and antioxidant status in laying hens.
This study evaluated the effect of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) on productive performance, egg quality, blood profile, immune function and antioxidant enzyme activity in laying hens. A total of 96 thirty-six-week-old laying hens were assigned to a basal control diet or a diet supplemented with 3, 6, or 9 g · kg–1 of thyme fed from 36 to 52 weeks of age. Hens were divided into four equal groups replicated six times with four hens per replicate. No significant differences were observed among the dietary treatments in body weight change, feed consumption, or feed conversion ratio. Supplementation of thyme up to 6 g · kg–1 in the diet led to an increase in egg weight compared with the basal diet. Egg number was not (P > 0.05) influenced by thyme supplementation, except from 36 to 40 weeks of age. Birds fed diets with 3 or 6 g · kg–1 of thyme had greater (P < 0.05) egg mass than those fed the unsupplemented diet or that with 9 g · kg–1 of thyme. Dietary supplementation with thyme exhibited a significantly positive effect on parameters related to immunity and lipid profile. Serum superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione concentration were significantly increased in groups fed diets with thyme (P = 0.010 and P < 0.001, respectively). The malondialdehyde concentration was decreased (P = 0.048) in experimental groups in comparison with the control. In conclusion, thyme supplemented up to 9 g · kg–1 diet can be used as an effective feed additive to improve productive performance, blood profile and antioxidant enzyme activities in laying hens.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different inclusion levels of meal (NSM) on growth performance, carcass yield and blood lipid profile of 300 unsexed one-week old Japanese quails. The experimental diets contained four levels of NSM replacing 0 (control), 20, 30 and 40% of soyabean meal (SBM) in growing Japanese quail diets. Live body weight was linearly ( = 0.017) and quadratically ( = 0.024) increased at week 3 of age and only quadratically ( > 0.001) at week 6 of age due to 30% SBM substitution. Birds fed diets with 20 and 30% SBM replaced by NSM consumed more feed in comparison with other animals during 3-6 and 1-6 week of age. The substitution of 20% SBM for the same percent of NSM resulted in a significant ( < 0.001) linear increase in both dressing and carcass percentages in comparison with the control and other treatment groups, giblets yield was also significantly (linearly = 0.011 and quadratically = 0.021) affected. A gradual reduction in serum total lipids, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol was observed along with the increasing level of NSM in the diet, except HDL which was elevated when 40% of SBM was replaced. It could be concluded that NSM could partially replace SBM up to 30% in growing Japanese quail diets without any harmful hazards regarding performance, feed utilization and carcass traits. Moreover, the blood lipid parameters are decreased with increasing NSM content in the diet.
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