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This paper describes laparoscopy-guided prostate biopsy experiments in 13 dogs. Biopsy material was evaluated histopathologically to diagnose causes of prostatic gland enlargement. Laparoscopic biopsy was performed in male dogs diagnosed with prostatic gland enlargement, based on clinical symptoms and results of rectal examinations.
Arthrodesis it is a salvage surgical procedure for eliminating motion in an osteoarthritically-changed joint by providing a bony fusion. The aim of the presented study is to share a clinical experience of the treatment of end-stage degenerative joint disease of the metacarpophalangeal joint in a pony. In the described case rigid joint stabilization was achieved with a dynamic compression plate (DCP) and 4.5 mm cortical screws. The above mentioned plate and screws were optimal and useful for the management and complete fusion of the treated metacarpophalangeal joint.
Propofol is an intravenous anaesthetic in which the active substance is 2.6-diizopropylphenol. It may be used for intravenous infusions in single or fractionated doses. Propofol was applied to 25 sheep of both sexes. Anaesthesia was induced with a saturation dose of 6.75 mg/kg bw/min. Afterwards, the substance was applied in sustaining doses. The total dose of Propofol was 0.44 mg/kg bw/min. The animals were under anaesthesia for 45 min. Haematological and biochemical parameters in sheep (10 examined animals) varied within the normal range. Myorelaxation and analgesia proved to be good. When Propofol administration ceased, the animals woke up quite quickly and attained the same state as before anaesthesia. In the course of anaesthesia Propofol should be administered continuously.
The aim of the study was to establish the utility of surgical mesh in treating external abdominal hernia in dogs and potential long-term complications. The study was conducted on 20 dogs of different breeds which underwent operations where surgical mesh was used. Twelve animals were diagnosed with inherited hernias - 7 cases of umbilical and 5 of inguinal. The rest of the cases were traumatic external abdominal hernias - two dogs with paracostal hernia, two with pre-pubic hernia and four with inguinal hernia. All diagnoses were confirmed by anamnesis, clinical examination and additionally by ultrasound and x-ray examinations. External abdominal hernia is often associated with serious injury and tissue loss resulting in difficulties for abdominal wall adaptation. External abdominal hernia can be treated by surgical sutures or synthetic, non absorbable meshes. Applying surgical mesh in treating external abdominal hernia in dogs has turned out to be a satisfactory and effective method both in terms of its feasibility as well as postoperative complications
The aim of the present study was to determine and adapt surgery procedures of nephrectomy in domestic pigs. The procedures include surgical access, vessel preparation and ligation during transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy. The experimental part of the study should help optimize similar techniques in dogs. Eight transperitoneal nephrectomies were performed on eight pigs, using either the intracorporal ligation with the surgical knot and minilaparotomy or titanium clips with a mechanical morcellation. Four ports were used: one 10 mm camera port, one 10 mm and two 5 mm working ports. After dissection of the peritoneum the renal vein, renal artery and ureter were separately occluded. Once these elements were sectioned the kidney was removed in an extraction sac by minilaparotomy or mechanical morcellation. No complications occurred during all operations, therefore a conversion to classic nephrectomy was not performed. After two months’ observations post mortem examinations revealed differences in peritoneal adhesion formation in two groups of animals.
A window in the pericardial sac was created by thoracoscopy in two dogs with diagnosed idiopathic haemorrhagic pericardial effusion (IHPE). Thoracoscopic access to the pericardial sac facilitated surgery and minimised the risk of complications associated with conventional thoracotomy.
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Experimental laparoscopic pyloromyotomy in pigs

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The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare laparoscopic pyloromyotomy methods involving the laparoscopic scalpel and the harmonic scalpel in pigs. The experiment was conducted on 4 subgroups of 12 animals subjected to laparoscopic-assisted pyloromyotomy with a surgical scalpel and the harmonic scalpel, as well as laparoscopic pyloromyotomy with Berci's laparoscopic scalpel and the harmonic scalpel. No postsurgical complications were observed. Four weeks after the surgery, the animals were sacrificed and autopsy was performed. In one animal peritoneal adhesions between the intestines and the mini-laparotomy incision were found. Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy and laparoscopic-assisted pyloromyotomy performed in pigs enabled the selection of laparoscopic entry sites, instruments for pyloromyotomy and evaluation of the applied surgical procedures in animals. The results of this study indicate that the methods applied can be safely used in clinical practice in dogs and cats due to minimal post-operative complications and fast healing of laparoscopic incisions in comparison with classical surgical wounds, and that the harmonic scalpel is a safe surgical instrument.
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Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy and pyloroplasty in dogs

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This article describes clinical experiments involving laparoscopic pyloromyotomy and pyloroplasty in six dogs diagnosed with hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter. Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy was performed in three dogs, and pyloroplasty was carried out in the remaining three animals. The patients were operated on based on the authors’ previous experiences with experimental pyloromyotomy and pyloroplasty in pigs. Pyloromyotomy and pyloroplasty resulted in full recovery and complete subsidence of symptoms in all patients.
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