This paper deals with six species belonging to the genus Prionchulus Cobb, 1916 which are characterized by having spacious buccal cavity, lower position of dorsal tooth, relatively large and clearly separated subventral denticles, female genital branches without spermatheca and without valvular apparatus between uterus and oviduct. Description of male of P. muscorum (Dujardin, 1845) is given. P. ctenodentatus (Tysowski, 1915) is recognized as a valid species and a neotype is designated. P. fagi Zell, 1985 is redescribed on the basis of the type material. P. zelli nom. nov. is proposed for P. bastiani Zell, 1985, nec Mononchus bastiani De Man, 1876 (syn. P. muscorum (Dujardin, 1845)) and is redescribed from type material and specimens from Ukraine and Poland. P. oxycercus Zell, 1985 is considered a synonym of P. zelli. Two new species: P. ferox sp. nov. and P. olexandri sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The first one is characterized by the relatively small body dimensions; relatively long pharynx; rounded lip region; protruding cephalic and labial papillae; buccal cavity spacious and ovate with funnel-shaped base; lower position of dorsal tooth apex; close arranged sclerotizations, rounded, drop-shaped or arcuate semicircular, with smooth surface; tail conical and slightly ventraly bent; hyaline part of tail conical, longer than wide with slightly rounded tip. P. oleksandri sp. nov. is characterized by a medium size of body; truncate lip region with not protruding cephalic papillae; thick-walled and cylindrical buccal cavity with funnel-shaped base; lower position of dorsal tooth and amphid; well separated sclerotizations of pars refringens vaginae, which are arcuate drop-shaped with smooth surface; conical and regularly tapering tail with cylindrical and weakly rounded tip; well expressed hyaline part of the tail.
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