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Comparative evaluation of the nutrient composition and phytochemical content of selected vegetables consumed in Nigeria

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Ukom A. N., Obi J. A.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

2018

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This study evaluated the phytochemical and nutrient composition of four selected vegetables consumed in Nigeria, namely, bush mallow (ahihara), garden egg leaf (okpokwa), African spinach (inine), and bush okro (ewedu). They were analyzed for proximate, minerals, vitamins and phytochemical contents. Proximate values maintained the following ranges: moisture 6.73% to 91.22%, protein 7.05% to 32.12%, crude fiber 2.75% to 6.36%, ether extract 3.15% to 6.81%, ash content 2.81% to 6.81% and carbohydrate 48.75% to 72.62%, while energy value ranged from 340.54kcal to 363.07kcal. The vitamin content for these vegetables ranged as follows: vitamin A 0.13.mg/100g to 370.64mg/100g, thiamin (vit B₁) 3.12mg/100g to 7.45mg/100g, riboflavin (vit B₂) 0.08mg/100g to 3.96mg/100g, vitamin B₃ (niacin) 0.17mg/100g to 1.91mg/100g, and vitamin C 39.84mg/100g to 98.75mg/100g. The mineral content, namely, calcium ranged from 45.61mg/100g to 430.69mg/100g, magnesium 11.05mg/100g to 198.14mg/100g, potassium 49.82mg/100g to 708.28mg/100g, sodium 2.36mg/100g to 22.98mg/100g. Also the phytochemical content of the vegetables for phytate ranged from 0.47mg/100g to 3.04 mg/100g, tannin from 0.10 mg/100g to 1.01 mg/100g, saponin from 0.16 mg/100g to 2.56 mg/100g and oxalate from 0.63 mg/100g to 0.72 mg/100g. Result obtained from these vegetables show that they can contribute qualitatively to the nutritional need of the Nigerian population, especially among the rural dweller where vegetables are major food source.

Evaluation of the effect of planting distance and harvesting time on the carotenoids and phytochemicals of selected orange-fleshed sweet potato varieties

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Kalu O. O., Ojimelukwe P. C., Ukom A. N.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

2017

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We evaluated the carotenoid profile and concentration (by HPLC) and the phytochemical content of two OFSP varieties (Umuspo 3 and Ex-Igbariam) planted at three distances (20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm) and harvested in two different periods (12th and 16th weeks after planting) respectively. Carotene contents of the outer peel and inner flesh of the sweet potato varieties were also determined. The results showed wide variation in the carotenoid and phytochemical content among the varieties at different planting spaces and harvest periods. Umuspo 3 planted at 20 cm, 30 cm and 40 cm had significantly greater carotenoid concentration than Ex-Igbariam variety. The predominant carotenoid was β-carotene with highest concentration obtained from 40 cm planting distance (92.82µg/g) and 30 cm (80.97µg/g) for Umuspo 3. Ex-Igbariam at 30 cm planting distance contained 2.51µg/g β-carotene when harvested after 16th weeks. Also the highest β-carotene concentration was from Umuspo 3 flesh sample planted 30 and 40 cm (409.45 and 441.15 mg/100g) and the peel for samples planted 30 and 40 cm (490.47 and 640.69 mg/100g, respectively) at the 12th week of harvest. Flavonoids were present in significant amounts (310.62mg/100g) in Umuspo 3 planted at 30 cm and harvested after 12th week while in total polyphenol, significant quantities of ≈42.12mg/100g was present in Ex-Igbariam spaced at 30 cm and 40 cm and harvested after 16th week. Provitamin A carotenoid was calculated and Umuspo 3 pro-vitamin A carotenoid was significantly higher (p< 0.05) with highest concentration (742.26 RE/100g) present in samples from 40 cm planting distance. The results showed that planting space and harvesting period had significant impact on the carotenoid and phytochemical concentrations of OFSP varieties. Planting distances of 30 and 40 cm are recommended for high carotenoid content in the two sweet potato varieties.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 International Letters of Natural Sciences

2 Ukom A. N.

1 Kalu O. O.

1 Obi J. A.

1 Ojimelukwe P. C.

1 2018

1 2017

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Comparative evaluation of the nutrient composition and phytochemical content of selected vegetables consumed in Nigeria

Evaluation of the effect of planting distance and harvesting time on the carotenoids and phytochemicals of selected orange-fleshed sweet potato varieties