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1

Unilateral absence of foramen spinosum with bilateral ophthalmic origin of the middle meningeal artery: case report and review of the literature

100%
Cvetko E., Bosnjak R.
Folia Morphologica
|
2014
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tom 73
|
nr 1
Bilateral ophthalmic origin of the middle meningeal artery with an unilateral absence of foramen spinosum has not yet been described. We report on a skull with endocranial meningeal grooves indicating bilateral ophthalmic origin of the middle meningeal artery, however, its branches were normal both in their position and distribution. In addition, a rare venous sinus variation was present unilaterally — a sinus of Hyrtl. Imaging identification of the anomalous origin of the middle meningeal artery is important while planning surgical and endovascular interventions in the middle cranial fossa and the orbit. (Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 1: 87–91)
2

Concomitant fenestration and phlebectasia of the right internal jugular vein: a unique finding in anatomical dissection

100%
Cvetko E., Meznaric M.
Folia Morphologica
|
2017
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tom 76
|
nr 3
The internal jugular vein (IJV) is an important vascular structure for oncologists and radiologists and is also a frequently used central venous route. The variations in the pattern of its course, and knowledge of its variations, are important. During the anatomical dissection of a 70-year-old male cadaver, fenestration involving a short segment (2.5 cm) of the right IJV in the superior part of the carotid triangle and a large dilatation (phlebectasia) of the IJV, involving its nonfenestrated segment were found — a case that has not previously been reported. The aetiology and clinical implications of the concurrent anomalies are described. Clinicians and surgeons performing neck vascular or reconstructive surgery should be made aware of both IJV variations in order to prevent inadvertent injury and avoid invasive investigations and inappropriate treatment. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 3: 519–522)
3

Variant course of the submental vein

81%
Umek N., Skamagkoulis L., Cvetko E.
Folia Morphologica
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2020
|
tom 79
|
nr 1
Superficial head and neck vessels are increasingly used in surgical procedures and are especially important in facial transplantation surgeries. We report a variant course of the submental vein observed during a dissection of a 79-year-old-male embalmed cadaver: a left submental vein running caudally across the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle, separating from the course of the submental artery and emptying directly into the common facial vein in the carotid triangle. Such course may complicate submental island flap harvesting, as well as the graft manipulations and reattachment, since the vein could be damaged during the conventional procedure. This report therefore extends current knowledge of the variations of the vascular anatomy of the head and neck. (Folia Morphol 2020; 79, 1: 176–178)
4

Platysma muscle additionally innervated by a variant anterior branch of the great auricular nerve

81%
Jovanovski T., Umek N., Kansky A., Cvetko E.
Folia Morphologica
|
2020
|
tom 79
|
nr 4
5

Cross-over type of supernumerary digastric muscle

81%
Sink Z., Umek N., Cvetko E.
Folia Morphologica
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2019
|
tom 78
|
nr 3
A cross-over type asymmetric anomaly of the anterior belly of the right digastric muscle was observed during a cadaveric dissection of the submental region. Three irregularly-shaped supernumerary muscle bundles were found between the anterior bellies of the digastric muscles. Although the anomalies of the digastric muscles are often observed, this complicated pattern has not been previously reported. Our findings and previous reports illustrate the morphogenetic complexity of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle, and their potential importance in confounding clinical evaluation or complicating surgical procedures in the submental region. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78, 3: 647–650)
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