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The paper presents an investigation on the output of wood extraction done with a Timbejack 1010 forwarder and a Timberjack 1010 clambunk. The forwarder was used for the forwarding of wood harvested according to the cut-to-length method whereas the clambunk was used for skidding wood harvested with the long wood method. The compared outputs were similar for both machines for short wood extraction distances (to 200 m) and they reached about 20 m³·h⁻¹. However, with longer extraction distances, the clambunk skidding output decreased faster than the output of forwarding. This was caused by the lower loading capacity of the clambunk and its slower travelling speed when loaded. When the wood extraction distance was 1500 m the skidding output of the clambunk was 8.12 m³·h⁻¹ while that of the forwarder was by over 50% higher. The travelling speeds of the two machines with their loads on were significantly different. The speed of the clambunk was 4.4 km·h⁻¹ while that of the forwarder was 7 km·h⁻¹, although the load of the forwarder was bigger. In the case of short wood forwarding the effect of the distance was small because the percentage of the loaded travel time in the extraction cycle time was 10% for 200 m extraction distance and 40% for 1500 extraction distance. In the case of long wood skidding the loaded travel times were 20.32% and 69.62% for extraction distances 200 m and 1500 m respectively. The results show that wood should be forwarded in the form of logs when the extraction distances are long.
Logging is an important element of wood production. Its modelling gives an opportunity to compare different scenarios before the work has started and may be helpful in future operations planning. A computer program was created which includes basic factors influencing forwarder efficiency: parameters of the machine, the stand and the assortments. The results of the simulation confirm relations between certain factors and forwarder performance given by other authors. Counted absolute values may be higher than real. Relative comparison of relations between factors is more accurate.
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