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Sesbania grandiflora diminishes oxidative stress and ameliorates antioxidant capacity in liver and kidney of rats exposed to cigarette smoke

100%

Ramesh T., Sureka C., Bhuvana S., Hazeena Begum V.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

2010

tom 61

nr 4

467-476

Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for many chronic diseases. However, it may be possible to relieve the smoke-induced damage by increasing the defensive system. In this study, we planned to evaluate the protective mechanism of Sesbania grandiflora (S. grandiflora) leaves against cigarette smoke-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney of rats. Adult male Wistar-Kyoto rats were exposed to cigarette smoke for a period of 90 days and consecutively treated with S. grandiflora aqueous suspension (SGAS, 1000 mg/kg body weight per day by oral gavage) for a period of 3 weeks. Hepatic marker enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as renal markers such as urea and creatinine were analysed in serum. Lipid peroxidation marker mainly thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid and a-tocopherol levels were studied. In addition, micronutrients mainly copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and selenium (Se) levels were analyzed in liver and kidney of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. The results indicated that SGAS significantly decreased the elevated hepatic, renal and lipid peroxidation markers and ameliorated the diminished antioxidant levels while restored the hepatic and renal architecture in cigarette smoke-exposed rats. This study concludes that S. grandiflora leaves restrain cigarette smoke-induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney of rats.

Density of tiger and leopard in a tropical deciduous forest of Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, southern India, as estimated using photographic capture-recapture sampling

100%

Kalle R., Ramesh T., Qureshi Q., Sankar K.

Acta Theriologica

2011

tom 56

nr 4

Density of tiger Panthera tigris and leopard Panthera pardus was estimated using photographic capture–recapture sampling in a tropical deciduous forest of Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, southern India, from November 2008 to February 2009. A total of 2,000 camera trap nights for 100 days yielded 19 tigers and 29 leopards within an intensive sampling area of 107 km2. Population size of tiger from closed population estimator model Mb Zippin was 19 tigers (SE = ±0.9) and for leopards Mh Jackknife estimated 53 (SE = ±11) individuals. Spatially explicit maximum likelihood and Bayesian model estimates were 8.31 (SE = ±2.73) and 8.9 (SE = ±2.56) per 100 km2 for tigers and 13.17 (SE = ±3.15) and 13.01 (SE = ±2.31) per 100 km2 for leopards, respectively. Tiger density for MMDM models ranged from 6.07 (SE = ±1.74) to 9.72 (SE = ±2.94) per 100 km2 and leopard density ranged from 13.41 (SE = ±2.67) to 28.91 (SE = ±7.22) per 100 km2. Spatially explicit models were more appropriate as they handle information at capture locations in a more specific manner than some generalizations assumed in the classical approach. Results revealed high density of tiger and leopard in Mudumalai which is unusual for other high density tiger areas. The tiger population in Mudumalai is a part of the largest population at present in India and a source for the surrounding Reserved Forest.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Theriologica

1 Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

2 Ramesh T.

1 Bhuvana S.

1 Hazeena Begum V.

1 Kalle R.

1 Qureshi Q.

1 Sankar K.

1 Sureka C.

1 2011

1 2010

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Sesbania grandiflora diminishes oxidative stress and ameliorates antioxidant capacity in liver and kidney of rats exposed to cigarette smoke

Density of tiger and leopard in a tropical deciduous forest of Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, southern India, as estimated using photographic capture-recapture sampling