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The main purpo se of the experiment was to investigate the influence of cultivation conditions of mother and daughter plants on the number and size of strawberry plug plants. The experiment was conducted inside and outside of a high plastic tunnel. Cold stored mother pla nts of ‘Dukat’ and ‘Camarosa’ were planted in containers containing four types of substrate: peat substrate + sand, peat substrate + perlite, peat substrate + compost soil, and compost soil. The results revealed that the place of cultivation of mother plan ts and plug plants (daughter plants) influenced the size of strawberry plug plants in both cultivars. The largest plants of both cultivars were obtained when they were rooted in a mixture of peat substrate and compost soil. It was also observed that the ge notype had a big effect on the size and number of plug plants.
Fluorescence polarisation assay (FPA) was evaluated as a potential tool improving specificity of serological diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle and pigs. The evaluation was performed by comparing the results of FPA with the results of rose Bengal test (RBT), serum agglutination test (SAT), complement fixation test, and indirect ELISA when problematic sera, regarded as false positive, were tested. Four hundred and seventy-five sera, including 201 porcine and 274 bovine samples, reacting positively in at least one classical serological assay were used. Only six bovine sera were FPA positive (two positive in SAT and RB I and four positive in SAT only). Different situation was observed when porcine sera were examined. Out of 201 sera, 109 were also positive in FPA The studies confirmed that in cattle FPA enables to reduce highly the number of false positive reactions for brucellosis. On the other hand, in pigs, the method is a little more specific in comparison to other methods applied.
The main objective of the research was to evaluate the ability to set fruit in new apricot clones developed at the Research Institute of Pomology and Floricultur e in Skierniewice, Poland, pollinated with different apricot cultivars. The experiments were conducted in the field of the Experimental Orchard in D ą browice (2008 and 2010) and in a high plastic tunnel in the Pomological Orchard in Skierniewice (2010). A high degree of self - incompatibility was found among the five clones investigated; however, all of them were compatible with the apricot cultivars us ed as pollinators. A good pollinating cultivar for the tested clones was ‘Early Orange’
During two consecutive years 2009-2010, germination ability of stratified seeds of eight Prunus persica L. seed-genotypes selected in the previous years in the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture in Skierniewice (now Research Institute of Horticulture), Poland, was evaluated. Genotypes: ‘BnDnl’, ‘BnDn3’, ‘BnDn4\ ‘BnDn7\ ‘SR II D\ ‘PWM 70’, PWM IX-45’, ‘PWM T were compared with the varieties Mandżurska and Siberian C used as the control. In addition, in 2010 the ‘PWM ľ genotype was also included in the experiment. The best germination ranged from 58.9% to 72.5% and was found in the new genotypes: ‘BnDn7’, ‘BnDn3\ ‘PWM 2’ and ‘SR II D’. Seeds germination of the standard varieties Siberian C and Mandżurska was much lower, only 32.5% and 35.8%, respectively.
The diagnosis of brucellosis in pigs is based almost entirely on serological assays. None of the tests has been shown to be reliable in routine diagnosis in individual pigs. The biggest problem are false positive serological reactions (FPSRs) caused primarily by Yersinia enterocolitica O:9. The OPS component of the sLPS of Brucella is almost identical with that of Y. enterocolitica O:9. Thus no routinely used serological tests based on this antigen can distinguish between antibodies raised to these two infections. This paper presents the results of the examinations of 6 batches of pigs (total of 452 serum samples) traded between countries and causing major diagnostic problems. Positive reactions in RBT, SAT, CFT and I-ELISA were observed in all these batches of animals. Additionally 2 out of 21 samples from one of the batches were positive in 2-Me. FPSRs in the diagnosis of pigs for brucellosis seem to be a growing problem in international trade. The absence of provisions explicitly regulating the problem of FPSRs may have serious consequences, such as the slaughter of animals or even international repercussions. Clear guidelines for dealing with such cases should therefore be formulated.
The surveys of cattle for brucellosis in Poland are primarily based on serological tests. The examinations are performed by regional laboratories using RBT. In the case of positive results obtained in this test the samples are examined in SAT and CFT. The definitive confirmatory investigations are conducted by the National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis in the Department of Microbiology of NVRI in Pu³awy, which additionally uses Coombs’ test, 2-Me test and ELISA. In the paper the results of the examination of cattle in Poland in the years 2005-2010 are shown. Each year during this period 1.1-1.3 million animals were included in the surveys and 130-317 cows were involved in confirmatory investigations. 12-34 animals were classified as positive for brucellosis. In bacteriological examinations of samples from seropositive cows, Brucella abortus was never once isolated. Since 2009 Poland is officially a brucellosis free country.
Sera of 4407 wild boars (Sus scrofa) shot by hunters in Poland in 2012 were tested by ELISA for antiBrucella antibodies. Samples originated from 11 out of 16 voivodeships, and 1077 (24.44%) seroreagents were detected. The highest prevalence of wild boars with anti-Brucella antibodies was found in Opolskie (39.9%) and Wielkopolskie (37.29%) voivodeships. The lowest percentage of positive results was observed in Kujawsko- -Pomorskie (13.74%) and Łódzkie (15.47%) voivodeships. The results for particular districts revealed significant differences in the prevalence of anti-Brucella antibodies, which varied between 0 and 100%. The results of the surveys show that wild boars constitute an enormous reservoir of Brucella suis biovar 2 microorganisms in Poland. The next stage of the study will see examinations of wild boars continued by bacteriological and molecular methods.
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