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The effects of anti-mitotic agents on dihaploidization and fertility in winter squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) androgenic haploids

100%
Kurtar E. S.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2018
|
tom 17
|
nr 5
Double-haploidization (DH) is one of the favorable techniques to obtain 100% pure double haploid plants (DH’s) for generating the new F1 cultivars in a short time. The fecundity of this technique depends on the high quantity of haploids and also fertile DH’s. However, there are no comprehensive reports on the chromosome doubling and fertility (fruit and seed-set) of winter squash and pumpkin haploids, currently. Thus, to obtain high frequency and fertile DH’s, the efficiency of different anti-mitotic agents (colchicine, amiprophos methyl, trifluralin and oryzalin) was tested at various concentrations and exposure times for both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Haploid plantlets recovered from anther cultures of winter squash and pumpkin lines were used for DH program. The haploid plants were wholly immersed in aqueous solutions of antimitotic agents in vitro and apical parts of haploid plantlets were treated with anti-mitotic agents three times in vivo. Since some plants remained haploid, and the highest DH efficiency was obtained from multiple treatments of colchicine to shoot tips of haploid plants in the rate of 93.3%. In vivo multiple treatments of 1% colchicine for an hour was found to be the best doubling procedure for the recovery of high-frequency fertile DH’s in our winter squash and pumpkin breeding program.
2
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Evaluation of seed yield, oil and mineral contents inbred pumpkin lines (Cucurbita pepo L.) under water stress

39%
Seymen M., Dursun A., Yavuz D., Kurtar E. S., Ozbahce A., Turkmen O.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2020
|
tom 19
|
nr 3
Water stress is one of the main constraints which could limits crop productivity, especially in arid and semi-arid regions characterized limited water resources. This study was conducted to investigate the seed yield, oil and mineral contents of 44 lines and 4 commercial pumpkin varieties (2 local and 2 hybrids) in irrigated and drought stress conditions. The study was conceived as a randomized block design with three replications and carried out during the 2017 growing season. On average, the irrigated plots produced 161.27 kg da⁻¹ seed yield whereas it was 33.67 kg da⁻¹ in non-irrigated plots. The highest yield among the commercial pumpkin varieties was obtained from the G2 hybrid variety in the irrigated conditions. On the other hand, in the non-irrigated plots, higher seed yields were obtained from G9, G34, and G36 pure lines. Drought resulted in a remarkable decrease in the total oil content and significant increase in the amount of Ca and Zn in pumpkin seeds. These results clearly indicated that G9 line, which has the highest seed yield in both irrigated and drought conditions, can be utilized as a recommendable parental pumpkin line in future hybrid breeding efforts.
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