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Two groups of both sexes’ turkeys: 40 animals of heavy Big-6 turkeys and 40 individuals of primitive turkeys were reared in the semi-intensive farming. During the experiment, their health condition was checked permanently. The reasons for death and culling were determined according to clinical research and autopsy. The two main reasons for decease in both discussed groups were as follows: chicks’ death caused by hunger and alimentary tract clogged by litter. In the Big-6 group, sepsis coli- bacteriosis occurrence and locomotive problems were observed between the 6th and 8th week of live. After rearing period, the considerably higher survivability rate (by 17.5%) was found in the primitive turkeys’ group.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) to colonize chosen organs of chicks infected intratracheally (group A1), or intravenously (group A2), with the use of bacteriological methods and PCR. The bacteriological methods enabled to reisolate ORT bacteria from trachea and lungs of the birds from group A1 only on day 3 and 6 after infection. The PCR technique additionally detected the bacterial genetic material in these organs on the 9th day after infection, and gave positive results in the samples from air sacs until the 6th day of the experiment. In birds infected intravenously (A2) ORT was reisolated from liver on day 3 and from spleen on day 3 and 6 after infection, whereas the reisolation from the tibiotarsal joint occurred during the entire experimental period. PCR enabled to detect the bacterial DNA in the liver, spleen and lungs of chickens until the 9th day after infection and in case of tibiotarsal joint during the whole time of the study.
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Kokcydioza kur

51%
Ochratoxin A (OA) is the most important mycotoxin causing contamination of feed and food. In addition to strong nephrotoxicity, OA also affects the immune system. Using a test of the blastic transformation of lymphocytes (TBTL) the impact of OA on the proliferative capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes in laying hens and their offspring has been evaluated. In the first experiment the authors evaluated the influence of feeding hens for 14 days on feed containing 0.5 ppm of ochratoxin A. Blood samples were collected at day 14 of the experiment. The studies to determine the effect of ochratoxin on the proliferative capacity of lymphocytes in the offspring of hens fed a diet containing the mycotoxins were performed in three groups of broiler breeders. Birds received a mix containing 0.5 ppm of OA for 4 weeks. The collection of eggs for hatching was started after 7 days of feeding hens with feed contaminated by OA. Two test hatchings were conducted. Hatched chicks were reared under standard conditions. At 14, 21, 35 and 49 days of rearing chickens were bled for testing TBTL. The authors have shown a suppressive effect of ochratoxin A contained in the feed given to hens on the proliferating ability of lymphocytes (mean IS in treatment and control groups were, respectively, 7.30 and 9.41). The study shows that OA in feed given to hens also reduced the stimulation index of peripheral blood lymphocytes in their offspring.
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Monitoring serologiczny koni

51%
A new threat to poultry in countries with intensive poultry production is now Enterococcus cecorum. Recently it has been shown that this species is the etiologic agent of enterococcal vertebral osteoarthritis (EVOA) in chickens. Typical places where bacteria come to the proliferation are thoracic vertebrae, hip joints and ankles. It is not known precisely what mechanisms influence the affinity of enterococci for these places and how bacteria enter them. In the present study the first case in Poland of enterococcal spondylitis caused by E. cecorum in broiler chickens has been described. Birds at the age of 6 weeks showed problems with moving, sitting posture, arching of the back. Decreased weight gain and increased culling were noted. During necropsy the characteristic abscess in the Th6-Th7 vertebra compressed of the spinal cord and femoral head necrosis was observed. The disease was confirmed by bacteriological tests and PCR. Many issues concerning the meaning of E. cecorum in pathology of poultry are unknown. More research is needed on the pathogenesis and development of effective prevention methods and therapy.
Celem pracy było określenie wpływu systemu ogrzewania kurnika na wyniki produkcyjne kurcząt oraz jakość skóry podeszwy stopy. Badania przeprowadzono na 41 900 kurczętach Cobb 500, podzielonych w zależności od systemu ogrzewania budynku na dwie grupy: kontrolną – kurczęta odchowywano w hali z centralnym systemem ogrzewania oraz doświadczalną – kurczęta utrzymywano w hali z ogrzewaniem mieszanym, tzn. zastosowano wspomaganie ogrzewania gazowego ogrzewaniem centralnym. W czasie odchowu kontrolowano warunki zoohigieniczne panujące w halach oraz wyniki produkcyjne stad. Na 5 dni przed ubojem do badań wybrano 200 ptaków z różnych miejsc na halach w celu przeprowadzenia wizualnej oceny jakości skóry podeszwy stóp kurcząt. Wykazano wpływ systemów ogrzewania na różnice wilgotności panujące w budynkach oraz wzrost emisji amoniaku po 21. dniu odchowu w grupie kontrolnej. W grupie doświadczalnej uzyskano poprawę wyników produkcyjnych (większą masę ciała oraz lepsze wykorzystanie paszy na kilogram przyrostu masy ciała, a przez to wyższy wskaźnik EWW). Poprawa mikroklimatu w hali doświadczalnej pozwoliła na ograniczenie zapalenia skóry podeszwy stopy.
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