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During standard parasitological research on West Pomeranian ducks, conducted by the Laboratory of Biology and Ecology of Parasites in the years 2000–2011, 16 tapeworms were found in the intestines of five Malards (Anas platyrhynchos) and one Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula). The tapeworms were classified as Microsomacanthus baeri Czaplinski & Vaucher 1977 on the basis of the segments’ internal structure. The presence of this tapeworm in Polish fauna has been indicated beforehand, however, the reports were merely of a contributory character, thus the aim of this thesis was a morphometric characteristic of this parasite.
Nematodes from the genera Tetrameres (Creplin 1846) are cosmopolitan and polyxenic parasites of birds living inland or associated with aquatic environment. These parasites are characterized by a strong sexual dimorphism and strict topospecificity, limited to the proventriculus of the host. The aim of this paper is the presentation of the morphological and ecological characteristics of T. spinosa rarely observed in Europe (Maplestone, 1931) yet typical for wild birds from the Far East. The examined nematodes were isolated from the alimentary canals of 1005 wildAnatinae (Anseriformes:Anatidae). The parasites were measured using a micrometer eyepiece, and the analysis of the quantitative structure was performed using the following parameters: extensiveness, intensity, relative density, and dominance index. The morphological description of T. spinosa in this paper is generally consistent with known information on the species, although certain differences were observed in the anatomy of some structures near the mouth of the nematode. The nematode was found in 46 out of the 1005 examined ducks (4.6%), and representing the following species: Aythya ferina, A. fuligula, A. marila, Clangula hyemalis and Melanitta nigra. The typical hosts are ducks from the genus Aythya wintering in the southwestern Baltic.
The paper contains a review of quill mites of the subfamily Picobiinae (Acari: Prostigmata: Syringophilidae) associated with woodpeckers (Aves: Piciformes: Picidae). Three new species are described: Picobia mentalis Skoracki et Unsoeld sp. nov. from Picus mentalis Temminck, Neopicobia ea Skoracki et Unsoeld sp. nov. from Celeus flavus (St. Mueller) (type host), C. elegans (St. Mueller), C. torquatus (Boddaert), and Neopicobia freya Skoracki et Unsoeld sp. nov. from Dryocopus galeatus (Temminck) (type host) and Piculus rubiginosus (Swainson). Additionally, six new host species for Picobia heeri Haller, 1878 and 12 new host species for Picobia dryobatis (Fritsch, 1956) are reported. A complete list of the picobiines parasitising birds of the family Picidae is presented in the tabular form.
Calamicoptes anatidus sp. nov., a new species of rarely found parasitic mites of the family Laminosioptidae (Acari: Astigmata) is described from quill walls of wing covert feathers of Aythya marila Linnaeus (Anseriformes: Anatidae) captured in Poland. This is the first record of the family Laminosioptidae on birds of the order Anseriformes and the first record of this mite family in the fauna of Poland. Females of the new species are most similar to those of C. arenariae Lombert, Gaud et Lukoschus, 1984 and differ from them by the presence of the pygidial shield, which covers dorsal and ventro-lateral parts of the opisthosoma, and by having setae c2 and d2 short and subequal in length, and setae se and cp not reaching the metapodonotal shield.
The morphology of juvenile and adult stages of the quill mite Bubophilus aluconis Nattress and Skoracki, 2009 parasitizing the Long-eared Owl Asio otus (Linnaeus) (Aves: Strigiformes) in Poland is described and illustrated. Poland is a new location and A. otus is a new host species for B. aluconis. A description of the male is presented for the first time for this quill mite species.
This paper presents the results of a parasitological section performed on three pigeons (two young males and one adult female), Columba livia f. domestica, brought from northern Germany (Kiel) to a private farm in Szczecin in autumn 2010.After two weeks of their stay in Poland the birds died. During the parasitological section of the intestine of one young male, Markewitchella bonini (Megnin 1899) Spassky et Spasskaja 1972, determined as a tapeworm from the family Davaineidae Braun, 1900, was found for the first time in Polish and German fauna. The tapeworms were prepared as solid preparations stained with acetocarmine. Characteristic for this cestode species is an intermediate host – terrestrial molluscs. First named Davainea bonini (Megnin, 1899), as a parasite of birds of the genus Columba, M. bonini has so far been recorded in Bulgaria, Moldova, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Russia, Iran and France, where its presence was observed in Columba palumbus, Palumbus torquatus, Gallus gallus f. dom. and in the genus Anas.
Total mercury concentrations were determined in the kidney (K), liver (L), and pectoral muscle (M) of 19 individuals representing wild carnivorous mammals from NW Poland: 10 red foxes Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758), 3 raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray, 1834, 2 badgers Meles meles Linnaeus, 1758, 3 pine martens Martes martes Linnaeus, 1758, and 1 polecat Mustela putorius Linnaeus, 1758. The sample of red fox included 3 immature specimens found on Mielin Island; the island supports a black cormorant colony, and the foxes found there had fed mostly on cormorant nestlings as well as on fish and their remains. In addition to the Mielin Island foxes, the group of foxes included 3 other immature and 4 adult individuals. The highest mean of mercury concentrations were revealed in the Mielin red fox juveniles: 5.11, 4.52, and 1.56 mg/kg d.w. being recorded in K, L, and M. No significant differences in mercury concentrations in the respective tissues were found between the remaining immature and adult red foxes; their mercury concentrations were several times lower than those of the Mielin individuals. In all the animals except the Mielin foxes, mercury concentrations in K, L, and M did not exceed 1.3, 1.0 and 0.5 mg/kg d.w., respectively, the highest values being in badgers (which feed mostly on soil invertebrates), followed by pine martens and then the canids (red fox and raccoon dog). Studies on common and widely distributed terrestrial animals, particularly red fox and badger, may provide numerous valuable comparative data on mercury contamination of different areas of the northern hemisphere.
The Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) is the most acquired and, at the same time, the most common wetland game birds in Poland, occurring on the territory of almost the whole country. The habitat of this bird is constituted by most shallow water reservoirs, rivers, lakes and ponds situated in mid-fields. The aim of this study was to compare the composition of cestode and nematode fauna of the gastrointestinal tract of Mallards acquired from three different Polish ecosystems (BzuraValley, the area of Warta Mouth National Park and reservoirs around Szczecin). The research material was constituted by tapeworms and nematodes found in gastrointestinal tracts of 211 Mallards. Fixed slides of tapeworms stained with acetocarmine were made, and nematodes were cleared in lactic acid. 30 species of parasites were determined – 23 tapeworms and 7 nematodes. Differences were indicated between helminth faunas of Mallards from the whereabouts of Borów, Słońsk and Szczecin. The most helminth species were noted in the gastrointestinal tract of Mallards acquired near Szczecin, and the least from Mallards from the whereabouts of Borów.
Coproscopic examination, using the Willis-Schlaf flotation method, was performed in 122 cows imported to Poland from the Czech Republic, 28 from France, and 27 from Germany. The mean prevalence of infection with Eimeria protozoa in cows imported to Poland was 20.90%. Infections were found in 51.85% of animals imported form Germany, 28.57% from France, and 12.30% from the Czech Republic. Five species of coccidia (E. bovis, E. auburnensis, E. ellipsoidalis, E. subspherica, and E. zürnii) were isolated from the faeces of cows imported from the Czech Republic, four species (E. bovis, E. auburnensis, E. ellipsoidalis, and E. zürnii) from French cows, and seven species (E. bovis, E. auhurnensis, E. ellipsoidalis, E. canadensis, E. cylindrica, E. alabamensis, and E. zürnii) from German cows. The analysed animals were found to have mixed (mostly two- and three- species) coccidial infections. When importing cattle to Poland, special attention should be given to Eimeria protozoa because of the high prevalence of infection with species such as E. zürnii and E. bovis, which are responsible for the incidence of clinical coccidiosis in the geoclimatic conditions of Poland.
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