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The aim of the study was to determine whether the character of a histopathological change observed in the epididymis of a 13-year-old European bison male was neoplastic, inflammatory or proliferous. Samples from both testes and epididymes were collected. The material was fixed in Bouin’s fluid; 6 mm paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H+E), as well as by Brachet’s method. Full blood samples were collected from the femoral artery (post mortem). Immunocytochemical reactions were performed by the EnVisionTM FLEX+ technique. Specific monoclonal mouse and polyclonal rabbit antibodies were used against: vimentin (No IS630); human cytokeratin (No IS053); human CD 34 (No IS632); human desmin (No IS606); human smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (No IS066); myogenin (No IS067); human muscle actin (No M0635) in a 1:50 dilution; human MyoD1 (No M3512) in a 1:50 dilution; human myeloid/histiocyte (No M0747) in a 1:100 dilution; human receptor Cd 68 (No IS609); S-100 (No IS504). Micromorphometric measurements were carried out to assess the extent of connective tissue hyperplasia in the epididymis. The histopathological change in the epididymis of the 13-year-old bull was progressive and caused by chronic inflammation, which was confirmed by the micromorphometric analysis and the evidence of plasma cells and connective tissue hyperplasia. Immunohistochemical staining carried out to find vimentine receptors showed mesenchymatic cells forming disseminated foci in the epididymis. The appearance of the cells that made up the microgranulomas indicated their epithelioid nature. These transformed macrophages were devoid of the typical receptors Cd68 and Mac 387. However, the presence of spermatozoa in the foci suggested their phagocytic properties. Damage to the canaliculi of the epididymis and their phagocytosis could have been caused by an unknown proinflammatory factor. It is also likely that the destruction was induced by epithelioid cell proteins, which resulted in a dislocation of sperm to the epididymal stroma.
The aim of the research was to investigate the possibility of using oral medicines for the treatment of animals with skin mycoses. The administration of oral azole antifungal Itraconazole was conducted on guinea pigs. In the light microscopy investigation during treatment of guinea pigs with Itraconazole, mycelium were not observed 4 days after the time of the administration of the drug, both in the stratum corneum of the epidermis and in hair sheaths. Neither was mycelium confirmed in the subcutaneous layer. Only parakeratose, hyperkeratose was observed, as well as a small degree of akantose. The investigation with the use scanning microscope made it possible to additionally affirm the presence on the top of scraps of spherical forms the accumulations of drops of fat which is characteristic for azole antifungals. The administration of oral azole antifungal causes the rapid regression of pathological changes in the deep layers of the skin. Therapy of this type can be useful in veterinary medicine.
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Gasterophilus spp. larvae in horses from north-east Poland, identify the species and describe the histhopathological lesions produced by the parasite. 123 animals were examined and 65 were found to be infested with Gasterophilus spp. Two species of Gasterophilus spp. were identified with the following prevalence: G. intestinalis - 49 horses and G. nasalis - 13 horses. The major macroscopic lesions detected were erosions and ulcerations of the gastric mucosa and proximal duodenum. The histopathological lesions produced at the site of larval attachment were characterized by accumulation of cellular debris, epithelial hyperplasia of the lesions' border, necrosis. The infiltrate consisted of limfo-histiocytes and a large number of eosinophils, neutrophils and mononuclear cells. Generically, gasterophilosis is characterized by gut obstruction and digestive disorders. The high prevalence of Gasterophilus spp. larvae in Poland is a result of favorable climatic and ecological conditions (free grazing) which are conducive to the development and transmission of gasterophilosis.
We aimed at analysis of the clinical pattern and the course of lymphonodular toxoplasmosis taking into account the intensity and duration of the illness. Ninety seven patients (69 adults and 28 children) with lymphonodular toxoplasmosis were examined. Toxoplasmosis was diagnosed by indirect immunofluorescence; the titres of antibodies of IgG and IgM classes were also estimated. Depending on the duration of the illness, three periods: early, regression of symptoms and protraction of symptoms were defined; depending on the intensity of signs and symptoms of toxoplasmosis three courses of the disease: acute, subacute and chronic were defined. The analysis showed that clinical picture of lymphonodular toxoplasmosis was characterized by swelling of various peripheral lymph nodes as well as by general clinical symptoms (88 ,7% of cases) the intensity and duration of which, to a large extent, determined course of the illness. No correlation between clinical course and duration (early and regression period) of lymphonodular toxoplasmosis and titres IFA-IgG and IFA-IgM (before therapy) was found. Pathomorphology of lymph nodes in patients with toxoplasmic lymphadenopathy is a valuable complementary examination which renders it possible to determine the period of the disease.
Studies were performed on 149 patients, aged 18 to 50, hospitalized in the Department of Parasitic and Tropical Diseases, Medical Academy in Poznań. The following examinations were performed: gastric contents testing with histamine stimulus according to Kay, the histological and cytological examination of gastric mucosa biopsies. Among patients with Taenia saginata invasion, disturbances in secretory activity of gastric mucosa were demonstrated in 57.7% of studied patients. Hypoacidity was found in 49.7% of patients; it appeared both in the oldest group, over 40 years (71.4%), as well as in two younger, although at two times lower frequency (38.2 and 39.6%, respectively). At set of histological and cytological studies was performed on gastric mucosa biopsies in a chosen group of 30 patients (average age of 26.2 years) with taeniasis and hypoacidity, before and after the treatment of the invasion. Before the treatment cellular infiltrates consisting of mononuclear cells were observed in gastric mucosa biopsies; cytological analysis of gastric gland cross-secti-ons demonstrated 3 to 4 times lower number of parietal cells as compared to that of mucous cells. After the treatment of taeniasis, secretory activity of gastric mucosa returned to the normal level in 20 patients (66.7% of total). At the same time, the histological and cytological analysis of the biopsies showed decreased intensity of cell infiltrates in the glandular layer of the mucosa and an increased number of parietal cells as compared to the number of mucous cells. In 10 patients (33.3% of total), hypoacidity of the gastric juice as well as gastric mucosa lesions persisted despite the elimination of T. saginata. No relation could be found between the duration of T. saginata invasion on the one hand and secretory disturbances on the other. The subsidance of functional disturbances in gastric mucosa and of their morphological exponents in 2/3 of patients after taeniasis treatment indicates a causal relationship between time of taeniasis and secretory disturbances and histological lesions in gastric mucosa.
Fat is an important component of feed rations for poultry as it improves the growth and laying parameters, which translates into better economic outcomes of animal production. The quality of this nutrient is determined by its freshness. It was assumed that the addition of oxidised fat with a peroxide value below 6 mEq O₂/kg in the ration does not trigger any clinical symptoms or morphologic changes in the internal organs in poultry. Fat with a higher degree of oxidation is harmful to animal health and thus reduces the performance. The products of hydrolysis and oxidation of higher fatty acids demonstrate cytotoxic effects and lead to metabolic disturbances. As a result, this results in morphological changes with both a destructive and adaptive nature. These changes are mainly observed in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, skin, skeletal muscles and heart in different avian species. Furthermore, poultry becomes more susceptible to viral and bacterial infections. Disease cases resulting from feeding oxidised fats to poultry often become a hot spot and a source of conflict between a feed provided and a customer. They also require veterinary attendance and interventions. In such a circumstances, the first stage of treatment always consists in a change in the current feed for a novel, good quality feed mix. In addition, detoxifying, hepatoprotective and protective medications are warranted.
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