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1

Zinc and copper fractions in soil contaminated with nickel

100%
Kuziemska B., Wieremiej W., Jaremko D.
Polish Journal of Soil Science
|
2015
|
tom 48
|
nr 1
Soil subject to a three-year pot experiment was analyzed, in which the following factors were considered: (i) soil contamination with nickel (0, 75, 150 and 225 mg Ni kg⁻¹ of soil); (ii) liming (0 Ca and Ca in a dose calculated according to 1 Hh of soil); (iii) organic fertilization (with no organic fertilization, rye straw and brown coal from the Turów coalmine). The test plant was orchardgrass, which was harvested in the amount of four cuts each year of the experiment. The copper and zinc fractions were assessed using the BCR method, whereas the pH was calculated using the potentiometer method. The total content of copper and zinc in the analyzed soil did not exceed the values of the geochemical background of the soils of Poland. No impact of the varied content of nickel in the soil on the total content and distribution of Cu and Zn was found in the investigated fractions. Liming caused an increase in the total content of zinc in the analyzed soil and a decrease in the content of Cu and Zn in the F1 fraction. The straw and brown coal caused an increase in the content of both metals in the soil in the F3 fraction.
2
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Content of total zinc and its fractions in selected soils in the province of Podlasie

75%
Wiater J., Lukowski A.
Journal of Elementology
|
2014
|
tom 19
|
nr 3
The aim of this research was to determine the total content of zinc and its fractions in arable soils of the Province of Podlasie (województwo podlaskie) and to assess the correlation between the zinc content, its fractions and physicochemical properties of soils. The research material consisted of samples taken from arable soils in 81 points of the province, with one point chosen in the majority of the districts. Each point was located on mineral soil used as arable land, without any external source of contamination like roads or industrial plants. Samples were taken after harvest, from the arable layer, determined to lie within the depth of 0-30cm. The samples were submitted to determinations of the basic physicochemical properties of soil. The content of total zinc was determined after mineralization in aqua regia, by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry method. The content of zinc fractions was determined by the BCR method. There were four fractions determined: exchangeable, bound with oxides and hydroxides, bound with organic matter and residual zinc. The physicochemical properties of soils were highly differentiated except the grain-size composition. The content of total zinc was typical of arable uncontaminated soils and fluctuated in a wide range. The content and shares of zinc fractions in total zinc were as follows: for very light and light soil: organic>bound with oxides and hydroxides>exchangeable>residual; for medium-heavy soil: organic>exchangeable>bound with oxides and hydroxides>residual. Distribution of zinc in particular fractions was dependent to some degree on pH, content of organic matter and grain-size composition.
3

Comparison of sequential extraction methods with reference to zinc fractions in contaminated soils

63%
Gworek B., Mocek A.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2003
|
tom 12
|
nr 1
The total amount of zinc extracted from soils in the Legnicko–Głogowski Copper Mining Region using either the McLaren and Crawford or Tessier et al. method differed within the limits of 2–35%, while the application of the latter method yielded higher results for 86% of analyzed samples. Amongst zinc fractions analyzed using the McLaren and Crawford method the fraction of zinc specifically bound and less easily exchangeable dominates in horizons where there is an accumulation of organic matter while in the remaining horizons a residual fraction. Whereas when the Tessier et al. method was used the residual fraction dominated in all the genetic horizons of soils under study. The smallest amounts of zinc, regardless of the method applied, were found in the fraction embracing ions found in the soil solution and those easily exchangeable. The quantity of mobile zinc (accessible for plants) calculated on the basis of sequential extraction according to McLaren and Crawford procedure amounts to up to 14–54% while the quantity obtained by the Tessier et al. method amounts to up to 6–28% of total zinc value. A significant difference was found in accumulation horizons and amounted to 40-54% and 8-28% respectively. The share of organic substance in zinc binding was smallest when assessed on the basis of sequential analysis according to McLaren and Crawford. While in the case of applying the method by Tessier et al. the smallest amounts of zinc were bound to carbonates, sulphates and phosphates.
4

Mineral and organic sorbents and selection of metal fractions. Part II. Influence of silicates, Al-montmorillonite and polynuclear Al13 7plus form on cadmium and zinc fractions in the soil underneath hard wheat (durum wheat) and white mustard

51%
Badora A.
Polish Journal of Soil Science
|
2010
|
tom 43
|
nr 2
One of the heavy metals immobilizing methods, apart from the conventional methods such as liming and organic fertilization, is the usage of unconventional binding agents. Modified alluminiumsilicates, such as Al-montmorillonite and Polynuclear aluminium form (Al₁₃⁷⁺) offer some promising results. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the influence of the used mineral sorbents: sodium silicate and modified aluminium silicates compounds on single fractions of cadmium and zinc content changes in the soil under heavy wheat. The experiment’s scheme included 18 scenarios (A) and two plant development stages (B) within two repetitions. Scenarios (A) of the experiment were created by the insertion of soluble zinc and cadmium salts, as well as the immobilising agents into the chosen pots. The Al₁₃ addition at the level I proved to be most effective in decreasing the contents of mobile cadmium forms in the soil environment. Whereas, the addition of Al₁₃ at the level II and Al-montmorillonite, instead of the expected cadmium immobilization, boosted the mobility of this element’s ions in the soil.
5
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Przydatnosc metody BCR do oceny mobilnosci cynku w osadzie sciekowym kompostowanym roznymi metodami. Cz. I

38%
Patorczyk-Pytlik B.
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
|
2006
|
tom 512
|
nr 2
449-455
Oceniono wpływ czterech metod przetwarzania osadu ściekowego (kompostowanie: samego osadu, osadu z 20% dodatkiem węgla brunatnego; wermikom- postowanie: samego osadu oraz osadu z 20% dodatkiem węgla) na zmiany formy chemicznej obecnego w tych kompostach cynku. Proces kompostowania prowadzono przez 12 miesięcy. W tym czasie 6-krotnie pobierano próbki do analiz. Do oceny przemian Zn w czasie kompostowania wykorzystano metodę BCR. Stwierdzono, że zastosowane metody kompostowania różnicowały zarówno całkowitą zawartość Zn, jak i udział badanych frakcji tego metalu w jego ogólnej puli. W największym stopniu do ograniczenia mobilności Zn przyczyniło się wermikompostowanie osadu z 20% dodatkiem węgla brunatnego. Natomiast kompostowanie samego osadu prowadzi do wzrostu udziału Zn wymiennego, rozpuszczalnego w środowisku kwaśnym (FI), a więc formy dostępnej dla roślin.
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