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The objective of the studies was to determine the extensiveness and intensity of mallophagian lice invasion in guinea pigs in different laboratory animal husbandries and control of the invasion with preparates used to eliminate ectoparasites in domestic animals. A total of 1550 guinea pigs from 4 husbandries have been examined. In three husbandries all the animals were infested by mallophagian lice. The most prevalent appeared to be Gliricola porcelli (100%) then Gyropus ovalis (90%) and the less prevalent Trimenopon hispidum (40%). The intensity of invasion with individual species of mallophagian lice was similar because G. porcelli infected guinea pigs in a greater number — a mean number 456 parasites/animal, C. ovalis — 32 and T. hispidum — 37. Biocid 0.1%, Insectin 0.5%, Ivomec 200 µg and 400 µg and Pularyl applied according to the prescriptions of producers appeared to be very effective in the control of mallophagian infection excep of Pularyl in spray which was completely ineffective. Biocid 0.1% and Insectin 0.5% in spray used twice at 2 week interval enabled a total eradication of mallophagian lice invasion in guinea pig husbandries.
The following types of teratology were found in the collection of 1278 individuals of Mallophaga coming from the birds of South Africa origin: deformity clypeus in Quadraceps kilimandjarensis (KELL.) from Stephanibyx coronatus (BURCH.), partial atrophy of one of the antennae of two males Q. kilimandjarensis and abdomen plates deformity of two females Q. kilimandjarensis, in male and female Quadraceps chorleyi TIMM. from Hoplopterus armatus (BURCH.), in female Saemundssonia africana TIMM. from Stephanibyx coronatus (BODD.) and male Plegadiphilus threskiomis (BEDF.) from Threskiornis aethiopicus (LATH.) the only representative of Amblycera (the other teratology belonged to Ischnocera suborder). Generally teratology was found in 0.70% of the collection.
The variability of metric characters of 7 examined species to the biting lice, typical for the pheasants, totalled 2-6% for imagines. In some species the coefficients of variability for the measurements of thorax and abdomen reached value of 10%. As a rule, the head dimensions as well as the total lenght of three species had the lowest (to 3%) variability. The nymphs were characterized by the higher coefficients of variability of all examined characters, though also the lowest (3-8%) values were noted for the head dimensions whereas the highest (to 19%) ones for abdomen width. Such high values are probably associated with extending of the abdomen which is slightly sclerotized in the nymphs.
Bodies of nymphs and imagines of Docophoroides brevis (Docophoroididae), parasite of Diomedea exulans, were studied unter light and scanning microscopes. Developmental features of nymphs corresponded with similar features of other Philopteroidea. In adults type and distribution of sensillae were similar to other Ischnocera. Structures pointing to parasite's adaptation to holding itself on host's feathers, were distinguished. They were, besides characteristic claws, the mouth apparatus, groups of hooked processes on tibiae of the II and III pairs of legs, and sculpture of roundish fields on the sides of abdomen sternites. In the shape of male's genital apparatus, protruding to the outside of terminal sclerite, structures helping both partners to contact during copulation were discerned.
Biting lice were collected (mostly in Poland) from 15 species of Charadriiformes (Charadriidae, Scolopacidae, Laridae and Alcidae). We tried to determine the frequency of occurrence of particular species of Mallophaga. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of co-occurrence of external parasites (Mallophaga and some Astigmata) was also carried out. We stated that inter-species competition is not significant in shaping the fauna of external parasites of Charadriiformes.
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84%
A total of 70 pigeons from Cracow area was examined and the representation of bird lice (Mallophaga) infesting them estimated. Mostly the populations of two dominant species: Columbicola columbae columbae (L.) and Campanulotes bidentatus compar (Burm.) were assessed. 47% of birds inspected had less than 100 specimens of Mallophaga, although the highest infested one had 900 specimens. Sex and age of pigeons did not influence the number of bird lice present, and only weak health condition of individuals allowed higher infestation. The sex structure of ectoparasites was balanced, with a slightly higher number of females during the year of study. The highest number of bird lice was detected in autunm and the larvae definitely predominated then, as well. Similar tendency was observed in C. c. columbae populations. The course of age dynamie of C. b. compar was somewhat different, having the peak in July, and the imago stage dominated in this species. The populations of in C. c. columbae showed developmental signs, whereas the population structures of C. b. compar gave evidence of their regression.
The aim of the paper was to estimate the course of mallophagan invasion in foals from stable mares as well as from forest-bred ones staying together in the stable. Estimation of the course of mallophagan invasion was conducted from November 2006 to May 2007 in foals from stable mares as well as from forest breeding mares. The extensiveness of W. equi invasion in young mares from stable breeding increased from 83.3% in January to 100% in April and May. In young stallions from this group in the first months of investigations it was 25% and kept increasing since February reaching 75% in the last months of alcove breeding. Young forest-bred horses were free from mallophagans on the day of taking them into the stable. After a one-month stay in the stable they became infected. In young mares from forest breeding the extensiveness of invasion increased from 25% in February to about 87% in March. In April and May it reached 100%. A similar increase in the extensiveness of invasion was observed in stallions. The total number of mallophagans and their eggs in 100 mg of coat in mares from the stable group was 21 in January and 34 in April. Considerably smaller number of parasites was found in the coat of mares caught in the forest. The intensity of W. equi invasion in young stable-bred stallions was almost the same as in the forest-bred ones. It was found that young mares from both groups of horses are more susceptible to mallophagan invasions than stallions, and the forest-bred foals are more resistant to W. equi than those that grew up in the stable.
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84%
After examination of 202 fallow deers, in 15 of them D. meyeri was founded. Prevalence amounted to 7% intensity ca. 5.5 specimens.
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