Therapeutic peat, an irreplaceable natural medicine, is peat from low peatland with specific properties. It contains considerable amounts of mineral compounds, mainly sodium, potassium, aluminium and calcium salts. They react with humus compounds, which makes the therapeutic peat slightly alkaline. Krynica was the first Polish spa where therapeutic peat treatment was applied. Since 1858 peat has been exploited in mountainous peatlands with the coniferous forest (bór), hence the Polish name of the therapeutic peat, (borowina). The author discusses health-giving features of the therapeutic peat, the history of the health resort in Kołobrzeg, its curative activity and a development program.