Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Winter diet variation and overlap of sympatric red deer and sika deer in Northeast China

100%

Zhong L., Zhang W., Yang M., Wu S., Zhi X., Zhang M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2019

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tom 67

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nr 4

2

Winter diet composition of urban long-eared owls (Asio otus) in Rzeszow (SE Poland)

100%

Dziemian S., Pilacinska B., Pitucha G.

Biological Letters

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2012

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tom 49

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nr 2

3

Winter diets of long-eared owl (Asio otus) in Thrace, Turkey

100%

Beskardes V., Bacak E., Keten A., Arslangundogdu Z.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2020

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tom 68

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nr 3

4

Winter food caches of beavers Castor fiber in NE Poland

100%

Dzieciolowski R., Misiukiewicz W.

Acta Theriologica

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2002

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tom 47

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nr 4

Winter food caches of beavers Castor fiber Linnaeus, 1758 were examined in 16 locations within the Suwałki region (north-eastern Poland). Four caches were selected to represent each of four habitat types: river, lake, farmland, and oligotrophic small reservoir called 'suchar'. Altogether, 92 509 twigs and branches of 15 woody species were identified and measured. Individual caches, with one exception, included branches of only 4 or 5 species. Willows Salix sp., birches Betula sp., alder Alnus glutinosa, trembling aspen Populus tremula, and mountain ash Sorbus aucuparia occurred in caches from all four habitats studied. Willows alone constituted 62.5% of the total number of branches cached. Willows, together with birch, hazel Corylus avellana, alder, and trembling aspen, amounted to 97% of all branches in caches. The remaining 10 species provided only 3% of the branches cached. Most branches were 0.5-1 m long and <3 cm thick at their base. Contents of food caches provided a good indication of winter diet and possibly food preference of beavers.

5

The composition of the autumn and winter diets in two Polish populations of fallow deer

100%

Borkowski J., Obidzinski A.

Acta Theriologica

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2003

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tom 48

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nr 4

The diets of fallow deer Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) were analysed on the basis of the rumen contents of 69 individuals harvested between October and January in two areas of Poland: Iława, where animals are fed artificially in winter and Pszczyna, where almost no winter feeding is applied. The composition of the diet was found to be similar in both areas, with graminoids - as the staple food - accounting for 43.1% in Iława and 45.9% in Pszczyna. Further similarities between the areas were noted in regard to the other main foods eaten, ie the foliage of broadleaved deciduous trees and Scots pine, as well as forbs. Together, these four categories of food accounted for 73.1% and 73.0% of the diet in Iława and Pszczyna, respectively. Browse and bark were eaten in very small amounts, an observation suggesting that the contribution made by fallow deer to overall cervid-induced damage at least in some Polish forests is relatively small. Sample size limitations confined analysis of monthly food composition to the data from Iława only. These revealed graminoids as the major food each month, though shares of the diet ranged between 56.4% in November and 30.3% in January. Maximum levels of consumption of broadleaved deciduous foliage (21.9%) and forbs (10.3%) were recorded in October, and afterwards decreased. In turn, the role of pine foliage share increased from October (7.8%) through January (14.5%). The maximum availability of artificial forage occurred in January and its share in the diet was then as high as 21.2%.

6

A long-term study of the winter food niche of the pine marten Martes martes in northern boreal Finland

100%

Pulliainen E., Ollinmaki P.

Acta Theriologica

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1996

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tom 41

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nr 4

The diet of the pine marten Martes martes (Linnaeus, 1758) was studied during 16 successive winters in an uninhabited area in northern boreal Finland. The results are based on 5677 scats analyzed. The present data support earlier findings that the pine marten is an opportunistic generalist, its most favoured food apparently being small rodents, especially Clethrionamys spp. The significant year-to-year variation in the frequency of occurrence of this favoured prey in the diet of the marten correlated positively with summer trapping numbers for these species. Snow cover decreased the martens' consumption of Microtus spp, but not Clethrionomys spp. or the wood lemming Myopus schisticolor. The first real alternative in the absence of small rodents appeared to be the red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris, and in its absence carcasses of reindeer Rangifer tarandus tarandus and eggs. Other food items included birds, the mountain hare Lepus tímidas, the common frog Rana temporaria, berries and mushrooms. There was some evidence that the occurrence of red squirrels in the diet was dependent on the abundance of both squirrels and small rodents. We suggest that in northern boreal Finland martens primarily forage for small rodents, and larger prey, which is less available and more difficult to catch, is captured incidentally.

7

Providing dairy cows with minerals contained in basic winter diets fed in chosen barns of Central-East Poland

100%

Bujanowicz-Haras B., Matras J.

Annals of Animal Science. Supplement

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2003

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nr 2

8

Seasonal composition and quality of red deer Cervus elaphus diets in northeastern China

100%

Chen H., Ma J., Li F., Sun Z., Wang H., Luo L., Li F.

Acta Theriologica

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1998

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tom 43

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nr 1

Seasonal composition and quality of diets of red deer Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 were investigated, basing on microhistolagical analysis of composite fecal samples in the Less Xingan Mountains, northeastern China. Red deer consumed more graminoids (46%) in spring, shifted to forbs (45%) in summer, and returned to graminoids (35%) in autumn. Availability and high quality [high level of crude protein (CP), and low level of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) in farbs in summer] appeared to be two key factors causing these changes in diets. Winter diets were dominated by browses (74%) and the horsetails Equisetum hiernale (21%). Three forbs (Oxalix corniculata, Caltha palustris, Agrimonia pilosa) were prevalent in diets during snow-free seasons, and aspen (Populus spp.) was an important browse species in all seasons, especially in winter (32%). Forage and diet quality changed seasonally. Dietary CP and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) declined significantly from spring to winter (from 19.6 to 6.4% and from 61.1 to 32.9%, respectively). In contrast, dietary NDF and ADF increased from 55.6 to 69.9% and from 27.9 to 54.3%, respectively. Red deer diets showed different patterns of seasonal variation in mineral contents. In most cases, dietary Ca, P and K were adequate, but Na appeared deficient all the year round. It is concluded that red deer in this region are typical mixed feeders and their diet shows seasonal changes in quality, similar to those of North American wapiti. Although red deer may have enough protein in most seasons, energy might be a key limiting factor in severe winters.

9

Winter diets of wolf Canis lupus and lynx Lynx lynx in Estonia and Latvia

80%

Valdmann H., Andersone-Lilley Z., Koppa O., Ozolins J., Bagrade G.

Acta Theriologica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 4

521-527

Winter diets of wolfCanis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 and lynxLynx lynx Linnaeus, 1758 in Latvia and Estonia were investigated in 1997–2000 based on stomach contents of hunted animals and scats. Ungulates appeared to be the staple food for both predators. Lynx diet to a high extent consisted of cervids (Estonia 52% frequency of prey, Latvia 88%), roe deer dominating. Mountain hareLepus timidus made up from 9% (Latvia) to 31% (Estonia) of the lynx diet, and red foxVulpes vulpes 7% in Estonian sample. Wolf diet was more diverse; besides cervids (44% in Latvia, 63% in Estonia) it included wild boar Sus scrofa (32% in Latvia, 17% in Estonia), carrion, small rodents, and other food items. Proportion of empty stomachs was high both in wolves (37%) and lynxes (35%) in Latvia. Range of stomach content weights varied from zero to more than 4 kg in wolves and almost 1.5 kg in lynx. Pianka’s indices of food niche overlapped significantly between species and countries (0.85–0.99).

10

Winter diet of Great Pampa-finches Embernagra platensis in Guamini Lagoon, Argentina

80%

Montalti D., Ferman L. M., Camperi A. R., Soave G. E., Arambarri A. M., Darrieu C. A.

Acta Ornithologica

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2005

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tom 40

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nr 1

79-82

The diet of the Great Pampa-finch includes seeds rather than insects. Our objective was to study its diet during the winter season and, whenever possible, to record differences between the sexes in diet patterns. This species was studied at Guaminí Lagoon, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The stomach content of 38 adult birds was investigated. The analysis shows that the food eaten by E. platensis consisted of seeds (60%) (Chenopodiaceae, Asteraceae, Ciperaceae and Poaceae) and insects (39%) (Bellostomatidae, Dytiscidae, Curculionidae, Coccinelidae, Formicidae and Apidae). Males ate more insects and, overall, more items than females. These, in turn, consumed a greater amount of plants. Niche breadth values were 2.9 for males and 3.1 for females. The seeds encountered were those of plant species typically associated with the pampas.

11

Seasonal diet of rabbits and their browsing effect on juniper in Bugac Juniper Forest [Hungary]

80%

Matrai K., Altbacker V., Hahn I.

Acta Theriologica

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1998

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tom 43

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nr 1

Seasonal foods of European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) were studied by microhistological analysis of pellets in a protected area Bugac Juniper Forest, Hungary. Field experiments were also conducted to examine the role of rabbit foraging on common juniper Juniperus communis. The proportion of grasses, forbs and browses changed significantly throughout the seasons (p < 0.0001). Spring diet was dominated by grasses (89%), summer diet by grasses (30%) and forbs (42%), whereas in autumn grasses (60%) and browse (24%) were the main diet components. Juniper appeared only in winter diet (19%) together with other browse (60%). The high proportion of aromatic thyme Thymus glabrescens in summer diet (30%) and juniper in winter diet indicates that monoterpenoids of these plants did not keep rabbits from consumption even when other food sources were available. Planted juniper seedlings disappeared within weeks due to the browsing by rabbits.

12

Influence of food availability and reproductive status on the diet and body condition of the European lynx in Finland

80%

Pulliainen E., Lindgren E., Tunkkari P. S.

Acta Theriologica

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1995

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tom 40

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nr 2

The carcasses of the 497 European lynx Lynx lynx (Linnaeus, 1758) killed in two areas in Finland in the 1980s were sexed, the nutritional status and diet of the lynx determined and the breeding stage of the females checked. There was no significant deviation in the sex ratio from 50:50 in any often hunting seasons. Fifty-three percent of the females over 1 year of age had given birth the previous spring, the mean litter size from the last pregnancy being 2.33 ± 0.73 (x ± SD, n = 82). In E Finland 86.2% of the winter diet consisted of hares, whereas in SW Finland the lynx consumed hares and white-tailed deer equally. There was no difference in diet between the sexes or age categories in E Finland, but in the white-tailed deer area of SW Finland the male lynx consumed more deer and hares less frequently than the females (p < 0.05). The lynx in SW Finland were on average, in a much better nutritional condition than those of E Finland. The male lynx in both areas had gained more depot fat than the females, on average a difference arising primarily from the smaller amount of fat in the female lynx which had given birth the previous spring. There were positive correlations in E Finland in all the age and sex categories between hare density and mesentery-omentum fat whereas snow depth produced negative correlation coefficients with the mesentery-omentum fat showing a significance of 90% in the adult females.

13

Plankton selection by pelagic European whitefish in Lake Constance: Dependency on season and time of day

80%

Becker M., Eckmann R.

Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii

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1992

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tom 39

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nr 3-4

Ograniczanie wyników

Winter diet variation and overlap of sympatric red deer and sika deer in Northeast China

Winter diet composition of urban long-eared owls (Asio otus) in Rzeszow (SE Poland)

Winter diets of long-eared owl (Asio otus) in Thrace, Turkey

Winter food caches of beavers Castor fiber in NE Poland

The composition of the autumn and winter diets in two Polish populations of fallow deer

A long-term study of the winter food niche of the pine marten Martes martes in northern boreal Finland

Providing dairy cows with minerals contained in basic winter diets fed in chosen barns of Central-East Poland

Seasonal composition and quality of red deer Cervus elaphus diets in northeastern China

Winter diets of wolf Canis lupus and lynx Lynx lynx in Estonia and Latvia

Winter diet of Great Pampa-finches Embernagra platensis in Guamini Lagoon, Argentina

Seasonal diet of rabbits and their browsing effect on juniper in Bugac Juniper Forest [Hungary]

Influence of food availability and reproductive status on the diet and body condition of the European lynx in Finland

Plankton selection by pelagic European whitefish in Lake Constance: Dependency on season and time of day