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This paper aimed at underlying some physico-chemical characteristics of the water of Lake Lanao at Poona-bayabao, Lanao Del Sur during the first quarter of 2015, by evaluating a total of eight (8) water quality parameters. Physical parameters were temperature, depth, transparency, and total suspended solids. On the other hand, the chemical parameters were pH, dissolved oxygen, phosphate and nitrate. Three sampling stations were considered in the study. Community’s knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes towards the utilization and condition of the lake were also evaluated through interview. Results showed that all assessed physico-chemical parameters still conformed to the Philippines standards set by Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) for fresh surface water as Class A as for the year 2015. One-way Anova showed no significant difference in the overall average of the physico-chemical characteristics in the three sampling stations of Lake Lanao (p > 0.05). With the results obtained, the Lake can still be a source of water supply that require complete treatment in order to meet National Standards for Drinking Water (NSDW) of the Philippines, within the year of the conduct of the study. For the assessment of community’s knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes, Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes are not significantly different in terms of stations. A more comprehensive and wider range monitoring is recommended for future study about the lake.
It has been investigated the ecological status of the cooling pond of Zaporizhzhya Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) on the hydrochemical and toxicological indicators. The ecological water quality by most hydrochemical and hydrophysical indices corresponds to the class II, category 3, and is characterized as "fairly clean". However, according to the BOD5 index, the water quality is "satisfactory" (class III, category 4). By the contents of both nitrogen of nitrates and phosphorus of phosphates the water quality belongs to the class IV, category 6, as "bad, dirty water". The main anthropogenic pollutants are copper, iron, zinc, and fluorides. The ecological characteristics by their concentrations in the water correspond to the class III, and categories 4–5 of quality, which are "poorly and moderately polluted" water. Accumulation of toxic metals in the surface layer of the reservoir bottom sediments depends on their types, the minimal content is found in sandy sediments, and maximal one is in muddy sediments. The possibility of significant secondary pollution of the water environment by toxic metals is small under the hydrophysical and hydrochemical conditions typical for the cooling pond of Zaporizhzhya NPP. According to the calculations, the value of the average chemical index of ecological quality is "2.5", which characterizes the water of the Zaporizhzhya NPP cooling pond as "good" and "clean".
Mean Trophic Rank (MTR), a new British biological macrophyte-based method for assessing trophic status of rivers was applied in Poland in 2000-2001. The occurrence and abundance of 86 aquatic plant species was recorded at 48 sites on 19 rivers in the lowland part of Poland. Forty-six of these species are MTR scoring taxa used in the British system, but another 40 species were recorded of which 11 species were selected as potential scoring plants for use in Poland. The revision of MTR scoring plants used in Britain was performed and resulted in the proposed elimination of 24 taxa as scoring species for Poland. The habitat conditions of the selected river sites were assessed and their diversity was observed in terms of eutrophication level. The MTR score was evaluated and its correlation with water trophic level was shown. The environmental preferences of the individual plant species according to water chemistry were estimated to give proposals of the MTR scoring species in Poland and the indicated preference was analogous to the original Species Trophic Rank (STR) score used in the UK. The MTR system was recommended for use in biological monitoring programmes.
Dokonano analizy mikrobiologicznej wody pobranej z ująć па terenie miasta Łodzi (wody źródlane, studnie głębinowe) pobieranej do celów konsumpcyjnych przez masowo odwiedzających je mieszkańców. Porównano jakość mikrobiologiczną wody bezpośrednio po pobraniu i po jej przechowywaniu w temperaturze 0-4 °С oraz w temperaturze pokojowej.
Evaluation and assessment of fresh and inland water quality at the regional and global scales is not a simple task. UNEPs GEMS/Water has operated a comprehensive freshwater quality monitoring and assessment programme for over 20 years and is the only such global programme. GEMS/Water operates by inviting national governments to provide water quality data from their water quality monitoring programmes. The data is then compiled into a global database, GLOWDAT, which is a value-added process. GEMS/Water, United Nations agencies and other international organizations use the data to undertake global and regional scale water quality assessments. More than 100 countries participate in the programme that has a database of >1.6 million data entries. Participating countries control, for example, the type of data collected, the location of sampling sites, the frequency of monitoring, the analytical and field methods used and the frequency at which data is transferred to GEMS/Water. In order to make effective water quality assessments, identify emerging water quality issues and environmental ‘hotspots’, the data available must be of good quality, comparable between countries for a specific parameter, be geographically representative for a given region and be up-to-date. The only way for GEMS/Water to ensure that all these characteristics are satisfied in GLOWDAT would be for GEMS/Water to operate its own global water quality-monitoring programme. This is economically unfeasible. However, GEMS/Water has an operational manual, a modular training course and operates a QA/QC programme to help countries with data quality. Some countries have modernized their water quality programme, a complex and comprehensive activity that includes legal and institutional considerations, technical issues, and a strategic program of capacity building. Implementation of such comprehensive programmes in more countries will lead to better quality data for GEMS/Water.
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