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Sylwan
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2017
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tom 161
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nr 09
The study was designed to determine current recreational value of the state forests in Poland from the viewpoint of their administrator (i.e. the State Forests National Forest Holding) and to compare this findings with the value estimated by other researchers. The research was conducted in 31% of all the forest districts administered by the State Forests. The survey was sent to these units by e−mail. It contained two questions about: (1) what part of the total annual expenditures of the forest district is connected with recreational development and use of forests, and (2) what part of the total annual revenues of the forest district is generated by recreational use of forests. Afterwards, the current recreational value of the State Forests was calculated. Budget related data come from the annual financial and operational statement of the State Forests. The findings show that operations linked with recreational use of forests in majority of the forest districts generate losses and only in some of them measurable financial gains are recorded. Costs linked to recreational use of forests are incurred by nearly all districts (97%), yet in the most cases they account for up to 3% of the total disbursements. Only 25% of the forest districts recorded revenues from this type of operations. The current recreational value of the State Forests in Poland is estimated to circa 8 USD/ha. Notably, this is a mean value for all national forests in Poland, yet not all of them are equally attractive to visitors. The relevant value for only urban and suburban forests equals 94 USD/ha, which is approximately 10% of the estimated value reported by other researchers. It can be assumed that the remaining part of the revenues generated by recreational function of forests represent earnings of local businesses (accommodation, catering, grocery shops, souvenirs, transport and other services). The present findings provide important information for the State Forest administrators and for the public. Forest administrators should seek the possibility to change above mentioned disadvantageous ratio to at least one of 3:7. Given this, a change in the national forest policy would be worth considering; a proposal for such transformation is presented.
The objective of the study was to determine the quantitative and valuable potential of wood resources of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) in individual regional directorates of the State Forests (RDSFs) in Poland. We used data from the State Forests Information System database (values for the end of 2014) to determine the amount of the resources of the analysed species in forests under the State Forests management. The monetary value of black locust and Douglas fir resources was determined using both the indicator method and on the basis of sales prices of individual assortments. The occurrence, and hence the resources of black locust and Douglas fir in our country are characterized by considerable spatial diversity. Generally speaking, studied tree species are of minor importance in Polish forests as far as area and volume are concerned, but both species can the most often and in the large abundance be found in the western and northern Poland. The average sale price of wood of the tested species varied a lot in individual regional directorates of the State Forests (fig.). In the case of black locust the average sale price ranged from 99 PLN/m³ in RDSF Szczecinek to 151 PLN/m³ in RDSF Krakow, while for Douglas fir the values from 59 PLN/m³ in RDSF Łódź to 277 PLN/m³ in RDSF Katowice were obtained. The total value of black locust timber resources was assessed by the sale price method at PLN 262.4 million, and by the indicator method at PLN 186.4 million. In the case of Douglas fir timber, these values were much higher and amounted to PLN 375.0 and 309.2 million, respectively. The highest value of the studied species stands was noted in the RDSF with the largest amount of their resources.
The paper presents assessment of the value of selected beech and fir stands by the classic method and using the value tariff in two ways. The aim of the work was to verify the suitability of the local tariff method based on the SILP forest database for the valuation of timber resources in forests. The measurements were carried out in the Beskidy Mountains (southern Poland). The reference sales value of the beech and fir stands with the growing stock from 61 to 643 m³/ha ranged from 6,307 to 102,438 PLN/ha. The average value of stands is about 45,000 PLN/ha and the standard deviation around 20,000 PLN/ha, with an average volume of 340 m³/ha and standard deviation of 140 m³/ha. The monetary value of the uneven−aged fir and beech stands calculated by the mean of the local tariff of value (method 1) was different from the values calculated either basing on the traditional method or on the method 2. However, the difference was on average 11% when it came to the previous, and about 2.2% when for the latter method. Almost 50% of the stands were valuated using the second method with an error of ±2.5%, the maximum extreme negative error being –14% and the maximum extreme positive error being +11%. As soon as the calculation process were automatised, the present method to obtain the local monetary value tariff of forest resources could become a practical tool in the process of forest resources valuation for the needs of the State Forests and as such it could replace the so−far used stand value tables.
The purpose of the article is to determine the value of losses resulting from salvage cutting of stands and to estimate the amount of extraordinary costs and profits from the sale of removed wood in forests damaged by a wind−storm that occurred on June 17, 2016 in the Supraśl Forest District (NE Poland). We obtained the following data from the State Forests Information System: the size of disaster area, the volume and structure of harvested wood in the affected area, extraordinary costs as a result of damage caused by a wind−storm, average sales price of downed or broken wood separated into individual recipients and entrepreneurs. The renewal of the disaster area has not been completed as for June 5, 2019. To determine the value of losses due to salvage felling of stands, formulas included in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment of 20 June 2002 on one−time compensation for salvage felling of stands were used. Tables of stand value indicators developed by the Forest Research Institute in 2013 were used for the calculations. The total area of forests damaged by a wind−storm in the Supraśl Forest District was 329 ha. The area in which harvesting was carried out using a clear−cutting method covered 284 ha, the removal of damage in the remaining area was performed in accidental cuts. The total extraordinary costs incurred by the Supraśl Forest District as a result of a wind−storm amounted to over PLN 10.9 million, the largest group were costs related to harvesting and skidding of trees in disaster areas (nearly PLN 9.5 million). The total value of sales of large− and medium−sized wood assortments to retail customers was approximately PLN 1.93 million and to entrepreneurs over PLN 44.7 million. The value of small−sized assortments was at the level of PLN 37.5 thousand for retail customers and PLN 39.8 thousand for entrepreneurs. The value of forests damaged by a wind−storm was estimated at over PLN 20.3 million. A comprehensive analysis of the economic effects of the natural disaster in the Supraśl Forest District has not been completed; it requires research conducted in subsequent years, as the consequences and related costs of the hurricane will be experienced in the near future.
Usługi środowiskowe oferowane przez drzewa są wycenione na 16,2 bln dolarów. Każdego roku jednak ubywa ponad 15 mld drzew na naszej planecie. Dbanie o różnorodność drzew ma ogromne znaczenie z punktu widzenia ekonomicznego. Wycinając drzewa uszkadzamy podziemne sieci tworzone przez grzyby mikoryzowe, które łączą poszczególne drze- wa. Samosiejki są powszechnie wycinane, mimo że to wyjątkowo cenne drzewa, o szczególnych walorach.
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