Dracocephalwn moldavica L. is an essential oil plant of the Labiatae family which has not been cultivated in Poland so far. In 1990 investigations were undertaken on the growth, development and methods of growing of plant under the climatic conditions of Poland. Tliis species is characterised by a slow mass increment in the early period after planting out the seedlings, later vigorous growth is observed. At that time, in the mass increment of plants the role of leaves is dominant. In the period of generative development, inhibition of growth of vegetative organs is observed, whereas most of mass accumulates in the developing inflorescences. In the total mass increment of the whole plant, leaves were dominant. The lower leaves were overshadowed so that light intensity at the ground level was as low as 16 per cent of solar radiation measured on the upper surface of the plants. Under such conditions photosynthetic production of the inflorescences may be significant (leaves between the whorls of the inflorescence and sepals may play an important role) this requires, however, further study. In field experiments the influence of the date of seedlings planting and sawing directly into the soil on the yield of the above ground parts and the content and composition of the oil investigated. Moreover the yield of seeds and their germination were determined. Seedlings planted out in May developed a greater mass of above ground parts as compared with those planted in lune and had a high essential oil content (0,75% of dry weight) with high percentage of citral. The plants gave fully ripe seed with germination reaching about 80 per cent. When the seeds were sown directly into tire soil, the mass of plants was the highest but the essential oil content very low, however in this method of cultivation no seed on the plants were obtained.
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