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The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is one of highly endangered species because of low biodiversity, loss of habitat in the wild and reproductive problems in zoos, partially of male origin. The 11-year-old cheetah had no offspring in the past. Semen was collected by electroejaculation. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia using 3.5 mg of xylasine and 5.7 mg of ketamine per kg of body weight. An endorectal electrode was used and electrical stimuli were applied until ejaculation, which occurred as the result of 6 impulses. The 1 ml of semen collected was of olive colour, milky consistency and cat odour. The semen was evaluated microscopically as semi-dense. The progressive movement was observed in 15% of spermatozoa and 50% of spermatozoa were estimated as morphologically normal. The blood testosterone concentration amounted to <0,2 ng/ml. In conclusion, electroejaculation could be an effective method of semen collection in cheetah.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the morphology structure of sperm cells and quality of individual male deer obtained in the Lublin Upland during the 2015/2016 hunting season. The comparison included two separate periods of the hunting season resulting from varying physiological processes related to the estrus period of this species. In the first study with regards to the estrus period, males were characterized by an average of 1.6 grams less testicle weight, while body weight was 1.9 kg higher. Increasing the mass of the testicles in the reproductive season proceeded simultaneously with the increase in the share of properly developed sperm cells to the level of 70.6%. During the pre-estrus period, the percentage of spermatozoids with main and secondary defects accounted for almost 60%. Between the compared periods, an approximately 6.8% body weight loss occurred. The highest percentage of properly developed spermatozoids was present in deer aged 4 and 5 years. Regarding the greatest body weight loss in these two age groups, it is indicated that this age is the climax in terms of potential accession to the breeding and effective mating of females and the possibility of fertilization. Analysis of the relationship between body weight and testicle weight showed low and statistically insignificant correlation coefficients (rxy = 0.331-0.393) between those features.
Возможность определения пригодности оценки семени для воспроизводительной квалификации проверена на 609 баранах пододы меринос польский (МП) и 256 баранах породы рамни марш (РМ). Плодовитость всех допущенных к случке баранов, независимо от результата опенки семени, оценивалась иа основе покрытия в дной охоте, и составляла 78,8% для МП и 58,0% — для РМ. Установлена существенная зависимость между признаками семени (подвижность и густота) и плодовитостью. Однако, 37 (6,1%) баранов породы МП и 65 (25,4%) — породы РМ с некро- или астено- спермией и 15 голов — с азооспермией обеих пород проявили соответственно 58,3%, 47,4% и 45,2% плодовитости. Полное бесплодие обнаружили только у 9 баранов. У 24 баранов, избранных из группы со сниженным качеством семени, установленным перед случкой, семя как и плодовитость приходили в норму в течение 3—4 недель. Прогноз плодовитости на основании оценки семени возможен только в том случае, если подтверждена нормоспермия. В случае обнаружения сниженного качества семени исключение животных возможно только при одновременном установлении болезненных изменений внешних половых органов.
The morphological picture of spermatozoon from Black-White bulls housed in different environmental conditions was investigated. Obtained results indicate, that the industrial pollutions could have an impact on the significant elevation of spermatozoon, in which the primary and secondary defects were found. Another factor influencing the proportion of pathological forms of spermatozoa was the season of year ; the highest mean percentage of anomaly forms ocurred in semen was examined during the winter time. Not significant differences was revealed for morphological picture of semen obtained from 24 and 3-months old bulls.
Assessing the shape of sperm morphology is an important part of semen and breeding soundness analysis used in the controlled reproduction of pigs. In long-term semen storage (up to 10 days) and in positive temperatures (16-18°C), even a small rise in percentage of impaired semen diagnosed in the process of semen collection, especially semen with primary defects, reduces their ability to achieve fertilization. It is therefore advisable to carry out studies aimed at identifying certain common causes of periodical fluctuation of semen quality in order to compensate its negative effects. Introduction of still new cross-breeds by breeders should also not be underestimated here. Research was carried out on 240 ejaculates from 20 boars in the course of a 12 month production cycle by means of evaluating semen morphology every single month in that period. Semen was dye-marked using by the Diff-Quick method, evaluated with an Olympus CX4 light microscope and an attached Basler A312 scan camera, enlarged 1000 times, under immersion. 500 spermatozoa were assessed in each specimen. The percentage of sperm with primary defects increased slightly in April – ≤ 6% and more considerably in May, June – ≤ 11% and July – ≤ 10%. The most noticeable rise in sperm with primary defects was observed in August – up to 18% (exceeding physiological norms). The most noticeable rise in sperm with secondary defects was observed in May – 9.14%, June – 12.36%, and July – 11.3%. In August it was the highest – 19.98%. Values referring to this parameter remained within physiological norms in the entire research period.
Celem pracy było porównanie cech ilościowych nasienia i budowy morfologicznej plemników buhajów najliczniejszych ras w Polsce. Badaniami objęto buhaje ras czarno-białej (cb) i czerwono-białej (czb) oraz mieszańce tych ras z rasą holsztyńsko-fryzyjską (hf). Analizowano cechy ilościowe (liczbę ejakulatów, objętość ejakulatów, liczbę porcji nasienia, koncentrację plemników, ruch postępowy) oraz budowę morfologiczną plemników (wady główne i podrzędne). Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na istotne różnice w cechach ilościowych nasienia tylko pomiędzy niektórymi grupami mieszańców analizowanych ras z rasą hf. Natomiast wyraźnie i istotnie zróżnicowana była budowa morfologiczna plemników zarówno pomiędzy rasami, jak i grupami mieszańców w obrębie ras. Im wyższy udział genów rasy hf, tym obraz morfologiczny nasienia był lepszy.
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