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The effects of the growing season climatic factors (i.e., temperature, precipitation, vapor pressure and relative humidity) on the growing season maximum normalized difference vegetation index (MNDVI), which can mirror the aboveground net primary production and the vegetation maximum absorbed ability of photosynthetically active radiation, were examined during the period from 2000 to 2012 on the Tibetan Plateau. The effects of climatic factors on the MNDVI changed with vegetation types, which was probably due to the fact that the changes of climatic factors differed with the type of vegetation. There was a significant increasing trend for the spatially averaged MNDVI of the vegetation area over the entire plateau. Approximately 16 and 3% of the vegetation area demonstrated a significant MNDVI increasing and decreasing trend, respectively. The MNDVI was significantly affected by relative humidity and vapor pressure, but not affected by temperature and precipitation over the entire plateau. Our findings suggested that the environmental humidity played a predominant role in affecting the variation of MNDVI over the entire Tibetan Plateau.
Vapour pressure deficit, in addition to light and temperature, is the main meteorological element that influences the degree of transpiration rate, which in turn determines the impact of drought stress on the yield of onions. In this study we attempt to assess the effect of vapour pressure deficit on onion cultivation in Poland and present a temporal and spatial distribution of vapour pressure deficit for the years 1966–2005. During the period “end of emergence–harvest” (Ee–H), vapour pressure deficit had the greatest impact on onion yield in central western Poland and in the Sandomierz Basin (south east). In these regions the average total yield of onion was 15% lower than the long-term average for the entire country, and yields lower than the long-term average occurred every 1–2 years. A statistically significant year-to-year increase in vapour pressure deficit during the Ee-H period indicates the possibility of a further increases in the risk to onion cultivation.
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