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Swamp-originating meadows constituting indirect habitats between living peatlands and classical grasslands may be difficult to evaluate. An indiscriminate application of the Oświt (2000) method for their valorization does not fully reflect their value, because of flora which is different from flora found in living peatlands (in particular, the invasion of less hygrophilous flora). Based on the research carried out in the years 2005–2010 on eight swamp-originating meadow complexes, the scale was elaborated which enabled to more accurately valorize these habitat and floristically changed areas. The quantities of valorization values obtained by use of the author’s method rely on the occurrence frequency of a given species (a number of posts in a given area), taking into consideration moisture requirements (the moisture indicator). In the author’s method values were also given for species not taken into account by Oświt (2000). In addition, positive points were given for dying out species, and negative points for invasive species.
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Due to the significant role that infrastructure plays in the mobilization and development of rural areas, the aim of this paper was to examine infrastructure in Lower Silesia, South Western Poland. A detailed study was carried out in 2004 and involved 133 communes. General information was obtained from a publicly available database of the Central Statistical Office in Poland. The information gathered on the level of technical, social and economic infrastructure in individual rural communes of Lower Silesia was used to calculate coefficients which, after standardization, were analysed using two statistical methods. First, cluster analysis was used in order to isolate relatively homogeneous groups of communes with regard to the level of their infrastructure. Then points were assigned to the com-munes using a multiple correspondence analysis. Based on the performed analyses, infrastructure in individual communes was assigned point values and commune in-frastructure was evaluated with an additional division into functional regions and individual types of infrastructure. Our results show considerable differences between the examined communes and between the functional regions in Lower Silesia.
Germplasm collection of Lycopersicon ssp. include 995 accessions. Paper presented valorization of 33 tomato accessions carried out in 2004. The tomato accessions originated from Romania, Ukraine and Poland were characterized in regard to 42 morphological and useful traits according to IPGRI descriptor list. The traits included 10 traits of plants and 32 traits of the fruits. Following important characters of the fruits were described: size, shape, firmness, colour of fruit, intensity of greenback, ribbing, easiness of fruit detach from the pedicel, fruit cross-section shape, thickness of pericarp, number of locules and also growth type and susceptibility to diseases. Examined accessions were characterized by great differentiation of investigated traits and may be an useful source of earliness, fruit firmness, thick pericarp, colour intensity, flesh homogeneity, etc. Some accessions from Romania and Poland can be a valuable material in breeding cultivars for amateur production and the accessions from Ukraine for industrial processing. Tomato collection is designed to preserving the genetic resources from industrial disappearance, as well as, a rich source of genetic variability.
Presented research is a continuation of systematic collecting the winter and spring triticale material and estimating its usability features, having been conducted since 1982. The experiments deal with the systematic collection of both, the registered and non-registered varieties as well as the valuable genetic materials received from the breeding and research centres. The materials included into experimental collection come from the national and foreign breeding centres and world gene banks. The research also aims at protecting the gene resources of the xTriticosecale Wittmack type. The valorization is conducted in a 4-year cycle of field experiments. After this cycle of valorization the studied objects are delivered to the store at IHAR Radzików for protective storage. The materials of winter and spring triticale collected during the years 1998-2005 are characterized by an extensive range of agricultural trait variability. The newest varieties being included in the collection showed better winter resistance, lodging resistance what is connected with stem shortening. However smaller resistance to mildew and brown rust were observed. As regards the yielding traits, wide range of variability was noted, especially for the number and weight of grain per spike. Conducting the experiments which concern collecting new forms of triticale enables further extending the range of variability for many agricultural traits which may be used in applied breeding as well as in numerous research studies.
Carrot (Daucus carota L.) germplasm collection in Plant Genetic Resources Lab. of RIVC, Skierniewice includes 570 accessions (304 accessions of cultivated carrot and 266 accessions of wild species). Results of estimation of the variability of morphological and functional traits of carrot and their usefulness for breeding are presented. During the year 2004, twenty four carrot accessions originated from the Netherlands, Japan, Moldova, Slovakia, Ukraine, United Kingdom and Poland with regards to 32 traits selected from IPGRI and UPOV descriptor list were characterized. These traits included: leaf colour, root diameter 1 cm above root tip/end (cm), root tip/end shape, root surface, green colouration of the interior of the top, root type grouping, root shoulder shape, root length, root and core diameter, root weight, colour, yield, and structure. Chemical composition of roots (dry matter, sugar content, carotene and nitrate) was also determined. The results confirm a great variability of the valorized traits. For example the marketable yield ranged from 36 to 86%, weight of roots from 79 to 256 g, carotene content from 104.7 to 201.4 mg·kg⁻¹ FM, total sugar from 52.4 to, 80.8 g·kg⁻¹ FM, monosaccharides from 27.0 to 44,0 g·kg⁻¹ FM, nitrogen content from 100 do 400 mg KNO₃·kg⁻¹ FM. Carrot local varieties provide new source of genetic variability for breeding.
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