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1

Bird community of inner La Plata City, Argentina

100%
Montalti D., Kopij G.
Acta Ornithologica
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2001
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tom 36
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nr 2
During the years 1991-2000,101 bird species were recorded in the city of La Plata, Argentina, 47 of which were breeding ones. The most abundant species were: Zenaida auriculata, Columba livia, Funarius rufus, Pitangus sul- phuratus, Zonotrichia capensis and Passer domesticus. Columba maculosa, C. picazuro, Fumarius rufus, Turdus rufiventris and Molothrus bonariensis have increased in number, while Passer domesticus has decreased. Zonotrichia capensis may successfully compete for food with Passer domesticus. Sturnus vulgaris and Acridotheres cristatellus are new species in the breeding avifauna of La Plata city.
2
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Urbanization impact on avifauna population and its status in Gulbarga city, Karnataka, India

84%
Ramesh M., Nijagunappa R., Manjunath K.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
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2014
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tom 21
The avifauna of Gulbarga city was studied for a period of one year. Gulbarga city has got one reservoirs in the heart of the city, the Shree Sharnabasveshwar Lake. The city has well protected by greenery, Gulbarga University Campus, Kapnoor (Industrial area). During the study of three different transects lines, 30 plants species and 42 birds species were observed, in which 35 are resident species, 6 winter migrant and 1 summer migrant respectively. Highest population of Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis) and Blue Rock Pigeon (Columba livia) was recorded in this study. The visitors include White-necked stork (Ciconia episcopus), Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla flava) which are found in the study area. According to status of birds maximum (average) numbers of birds were found in highly urbanized area when compared to industrial area, but species wise variation was high in low urbanized compared to that of highly urbanized area.
3

Does the Magpie Pica pica (L.) prefer poplars as a nesting tree in the urban environment?

67%
Meissner W., Zolkos K.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2010
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tom 58
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nr 2
This paper aims to verify the hypothesis that magpies in urban environments favour poplars as nesting trees, as suggested by previous authors. The fieldwork was conducted in a 180 ha area in a district of Gdańsk (North Poland). The study area held 5294 trees and high shrubs, where 124 magpie nests were found in 10 species of trees. Results of log-linear analysis showed that the magpies chose particular tree species rather than types of spatial tree organization. The lombardy poplar (Populus nigra “Italica”) is the species most frequently chosen as a nest tree, however – the magpies showed a significant preference for trees growing separately or in pairs. The choice index (the ratio of expected to observed frequency) confirmed the magpies’ strong preference for black poplar cultivars and for birches, regardless of the trees’ grouping. The magpies preferred lombardy poplar when they had the choice of two poplar cultivars. This cultivar has a crown suitable for the magpie’s nest construction because of the small angle between the trunk and the branches. The thin, almost vertical branches probably also limit predators from penetrating the crown because these branches do not provide much support for tree climbers. The large-scale planting of lombardy poplars in Polish towns in the 1960s and 1970s has probably contributed to the significant increase of the magpie population in the urban environment.
4

Feeding strategy of wintering rooks Corvus frugilegus L. in urban habitats

67%
Jadczyk P., Drzeniecka-Osiadacz A.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2013
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tom 61
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nr 3
Rooks show a growing tendency to winter in cities. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on the selection of feeding habitats and to discuss the diversity of feeding strategies in urban environments of different sizes and housing densities. The study was carried out in two cities in south-western Poland, Wrocław and Brzeg (populations of 636,000 and 39,000, respectively), in the years 2004–2008. Nineteen research areas differing in housing density were controlled once a week. In multiple regression, the number of rooks feeding in urban environments showed a correlation with air temperature and the thickness of snow cover. The densities of feeding rooks were higher in urban environments than in agrocenoses. They were also higher in Wrocław than in Brzeg, and in built-up areas than in undeveloped ones. Feeding groups were smaller in Brzeg than in Wrocław. They were also smaller in built-up areas in Brzeg than in undeveloped ones. More rooks fed individually in Brzeg than in Wrocław. The diversity in the frequency of individually feeding rooks in built-up and undeveloped environments was specific to each city. Rooks feeding in Brzeg were more active in searching for food than those in Wrocław, and birds feeding on optimum, undeveloped feeding grounds were more active than those in built-up areas . In both cities, rooks were fed by humans, mainly in built-up areas.
5

The possibility of application of Sorensen and Renkonen indexes in the study of winter avifauna in small plots of the urban green areas

67%
Brauze T., Zielinski J.
Ecological Questions
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2008
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tom 10
Quantitative studies of winter avifauna (1999/2000) were conducted in three fragments of urban green areas in central Poland. Two observers independently controlled three plots six times, doing two subsequent counts (10 ha/1.5 hour) on the same day. All visits that were carried out in the same plot by the same observer during the same time of day were defined as a "survey". Differences between maximum and minimum values of similarity in species composition (Sørensen index - QS) and dominance structures (Renkonen index - Re) between two plots during all "surveys" ranged from 8.4 to 11.9% (QS) and from 11.8 to 22.4% (Re). Coefficients of variation (CV) for values of Sørensen and Renkonen indexes obtained for similarity of winter avifauna between two plots during all "surveys" ranged from 4.9 to 7.6% (QS) and from 8.9 to 14.1% (Re). Significant differences were found in one case between values of similarity in species composition (QS) obtained by two observers between two different plots (Mann-Whitney test, U = 0.0, n = 8, P = 0.02). The results show that there is no possibility to estimate clearly the similarity of dominance structure (Re) and, to a lesser degree, species composition (QS) of winter avifauna between two small fragments of the urban green areas.
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