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Two field studies (I and II) at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln: John Seaton Anderson Turfgrass Research Facility near Mead, NE, USA, were conducted to determine if a new ultra-low volume (ULV) sprayer can apply foliar nutrient, growth regulator, and fungicide treatments, in a manner similar to that of a conventional sprayer. Treatments were applied over creeping bentgrass ‘L-93’ (Agrostis stolonifera L.) managed as a fairway at 561 l · ha−1 and 47 l · ha−1 with the conventional and ULV sprayer, respectfully. Data were collected for chlorophyll content with a chlorophyll meter, and for the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) with a turf colour meter. Each plot was harvested for biomass at 21 days after treatment. Study II compared the ULV sprayer and a conventional sprayer, for the control of brown patch (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn) in creeping bentgrass. The treatments were propiconazole and azoxystrobin. Spray volume was 561 l · ha−1 for the conventional sprayer, and 19 l · ha−1 for the ULV sprayer. Statistical differences in turf quality or dry weight reductions between the conventional and ULV sprayer were not detected. Brown patch control was also similar between the two sprayers, but azoxystrobin provided better control than propiconazole. Even with a 30-fold decrease in application volume, the results indicated that the Kamterter ULV sprayer may be a useful and effective management option for foliar fertiliser and fungicide applications in turfgrass.
Hydrogels can absorb huge amount of water and so are able to decrease the drought stress in plants. They are used in horticulture and agriculture for years. It is possible that they may be applied also on the grass near - road areas. Because of water deficient and high salinity growth of plants in these conditions is however hard. Meanwhile, too high concentration of ions in soil can decrease efficacy of hydrogel, since it can absorb water and cations as well. Nevertheless there is still too less studies on such problem. From this point of view it seems that the complex assessment of hydrogels effect on urban lawn grass is needed. The aim of the study was therefore the evaluation of grasses condition after their cultivation under salt stress with and without hydrogels amendment. Experience was conducted for four months in the controlled green house conditions. The efficacy of hydrogels amendment was measured by the grass reactions (turfs height, fresh matter content and level of membranes injury) on three levels of salinity. The results allowed concluding that, concentration of the road deicing salt was the main factor, which affected condition of all tested species. This reaction was independent on the presence of hydrogel. Nevertheless under low and medium saline conditions watersorbent weakened significantly influence of salt stress on the grass.
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