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1

Ground-active arthropod recovery in response to size of shrub plantations in a desertified grassland ecosystem

100%
Liu R., Liu J., Zhao J., Xi W., Yang Z.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2017
|
tom 65
|
nr 3
The ground-active arthropod diversity response to size of shrub plantations in desertified grassland ecosystems is largely unknown. In the study ground-active arthropods were collected by pitfall trapping beneath shrub canopy of very low, low, medium and high size, with adjacent mobile sandy land as a control. It was found that arthropod dominant taxa from mobile sandy land were significantly distinctive from those from plantations of different shrub size. A considerably lower Sørensen index (i.e., 0.25–0.48) was found between the arthropod communities from mobile sandy land and the canopy of either shrub size, than between those under low and medium/high shrub size (i.e., 0.62 to 0.69). The arthropod total abundance was significantly greater under the shrub canopy of very low size in comparison to that of low and medium shrub size and mobile sandy land, with the intermediate values under shrub canopy of high shrub size. Taxon richness and diversity of arthropod communities were distinctly lower under the shrub canopy of low size in comparison to very low, medium and high shrub size. The shrub size was found to have different effects on the density and richness distribution of arthropod trophic groups (i.e., predators, phytophagous, saprophagous, and omnivorous). It was concluded that shrub plantations could facilitate ground-active arthropod diversity recovery when they were afforested in mobile sandy land. There was a contrasting effect of shrub size on ground-active arthropod diversity recovery versus arthropod abundance when grazing was excluded.
2

Past and contemporary changes in forest cover and forest continuity in relation to soils (Southern Latvia)

84%
Fescenko A., Nikodemus O., Brumelis G.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2014
|
tom 62
|
nr 4
A set of medium-scale historical maps was used to reconstruct changes in spatial patterns of forest area during the last 220 years in an agricultural matrix of north-eastern Europe (Zemgale region, Latvia). Changes in total forest area by soils were determined, as well as the time period of continuous forest cover. Proportion of protected area for each soil trophic group was also calculated. Patterns of recent forest development differed between soil trophic groups. Afforestation occurred mainly on wet and poor soils in the 19th and 20th centuries, while the proportion of woodland area on fertile soils typical for nemoral forests was fairly stable. Only 1% of the fertile soil area has been covered by continuous forest for more than 220 years, and only 11% of them are protected. Nemoral deciduous forests cover only 15% of their potential natural vegetation area of forested eutrophic soils. Therefore, in regard to habitat protection that is representative of natural distribution of ecosystems, priority in conservation should be given to forests on fertile soils.
3

Trophic structure of dipterous assemblages (Insecta: Diptera) in saline habitats of the Baltic coasts

84%
Kaczorowska E.
Fragmenta Faunistica
|
2007
|
tom 50
|
nr 2
4

Variability in trophic dominance of amphipods associated with the bryozoan Bugula neritina [ L.,1758 ] in Algeciras Bay [ Southern Iberian Peninsula ]

84%
Conradi M., Cervera J. L.
Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii
|
1995
|
tom 42
|
nr 4
5

Fungi [macromycetes] in various types of Mediterranean forest ecosystems [Tuscany, Italy]

84%
Lagana A., Salerni E., Barluzzi C., De Dominicis V., Perini C.
Polish Botanical Journal
|
2002
|
tom 47
|
nr 2
6

Gammaridean amphipods from hadal trenches of the Pacific Ocean

84%
Kamenskaya O. E.
Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii
|
1995
|
tom 42
|
nr 4
7

Nematode communities along the transect shelterbelt-ecotone-crop field

84%
Dmowska E.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2007
|
tom 55
|
nr 4
The study was carried out in western Poland (Turew region) in two shelterbelts of different age (the younger – 6 years old and the older – 11 years old) planted across croplands, in adjacent fields and in the field located in deforested area (control field). Soil samples were taken twice: in the autumn and spring from the centre of each shelterbelt, from the ecotone, and in the field at a distance of 15 and 50 m from the edge of the shelterbelts. The density of nematode communities fluctuated unpredictably, in autumn it was very low and ranged from 276 to 641×10³, in spring it ranged from 388 to 1931×10³ individuals per 1 m². Most numerous trophic groups were: bacterivores, fungivores and obligate plant feeders, while facultative plant feeders, omnivores and predators achieved low level. The abundance of predators in older shelterbelt was significantly (P ≤0.05) higher than that in the younger one and decreased with increasing distance from the shelterbelt towards the field. The communities in shelterbelt and its ecotone were more diverse, which was reflected by the higher number of genera (19–31) and higher values of Shannon-Wiener diversity index H’(3.3 – 4.0), than those in the fields where the number of genera ranged from 15 to 25 and Shannon-Wiener diversity index H’ ranged from 2.5 to 3.5. In the younger shelterbelt and in the control field the soil food-web assessed with indices derived from analysis of nematode communities was considered as composed mainly of basal components, i.e. cosmopolitan species feeding on bacteria and fungi occurring everywhere even in degraded environments. While the food web in older shelterbelt was consisted mainly of enrichment components, i.e. bacteria feeding species of very short life cycle, with high food requirements which occur in the environment rich in bacteria). The values of Channel Index which informs about the predominant pathway of decomposition (through bacteria or fungi) showed that in majority of sites bacterial processes predominated. Only in the older shelterbelt the participation of fungal decomposition channel was higher (>50%) and increased with increasing distance from the shelterbelt towards the centre of the field. The results of Correspondence Analysis showed that first two axis explained 40.3% of the variance. The generic composition of nematode communities in the 11-years old shelterbelt differed from that in the 6-years old shelterbelt. Nematode communities inhabiting the ecotone of younger shelterbelt were very similar to the communities in the shelterbelt, while the communities in ecotone of older shelterbelt differed from those in the shelterbelts. Nematode communities inhabiting the control field were similar to those inhabiting the field adjacent to younger shelterbelt.
8

Post-drainage secondary succession of soil nematodes on fen peat meadows in Biebrza Wetlands, Poland

67%
Wasilewska L.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2002
|
tom 50
|
nr 3
9

Ground beetles [Coleoptera: Carabidae] in anthropogenic grasslands in Germany: effects of management, habitat and landscape on diversity and community composition

67%
Mayr S., Wolters V., Dauber J.
Wiadomości Entomologiczne
|
2007
|
tom 26
|
nr 3
Grasslands are of great importance for the conservation and maintenance of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. In order to sustain grasslands and their associated biodiversity, we need to widen our knowledge of the role of grassland management and the amount of grassland cover in a landscape. The aim of our study was to correlate the variability of community composition and diversity of carabid beetles in anthropogenic grasslands with management, habitat conditions, landscape composition and plant species richness. Since the condition of grassland biodiversity is often solely evaluated on the basis of species richness of vascular plants, we also wanted to assess whether plants could indicate the diversity of carabid beetles in grasslands. Therefore, we sampled carabid beetles on 29 grassland sites with low to high management intensity and a great variation of abiotic conditions in Central Germany. The diversity of carabid beetles was the highest in grasslands of medium management intensity and was positively affected by a high cover of crops in the surrounding landscape. Both the landscape and soil moisture had an impact on activity density of carabids but depended on the trophic group of the beetles. There was no connection between plant species richness and carabid diversity. The results of our study suggest that plant species richness as a sole indicator of grassland biodiversity might not be sufficient. Nevertheless, moderate management intensity which supports high plant species richness can also increase carabid diversity. We therefore conclude that moderate management in-tensity is crucial to provide highest biodiversity of carabid beetles in grasslands. Due to landscape effects on carabid communities, we suggest that besides management of single fields, the composition and structure of the whole landscape should be taken into considera-tion in order to sustain a rich species pool of carabid beetles in agricultural landscapes.
10

Content of heavy metals in bodies of field ground beetles [Coleoptera, Carabidae] with respect to selected ecological factors

67%
Purchart L., Kula E.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2007
|
tom 55
|
nr 2
The concentration of heavy metals in the bodies of invertebrates is dependent on their physiological equipment and prevalent environmental factors. To verify the effect of some of these factors on the content of metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Mn) we analysed and then tested (using RDA, t-test) ten species of field ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae). A significant effect of Cu and Cd was discovered in terms of the sex; the males accumulated more Cu (27.520 mg kg⁻¹) than females (18.297 mg kg⁻¹) (P <0.01), which, on the contrary, accumulated more Cd (1.495 mg kg⁻¹) than males (0.663 mg kg⁻¹) (P <0.02). The content of all the metals differed significantly (P <0.03) according to the species, unambiguously showing species-specific models of accumulation. The effect of the feeding ecology was evident only on the essential elements; carnivores (Zn – 222.596 mg kg⁻¹, Cu – 27.211 mg kg⁻¹, Mn – 71.929 mg kg⁻¹) had a significantly (P <0.03) higher contents than omnivores (Zn – 168.198 mg kg⁻¹, Cu – 21.116 mg kg⁻¹, Mn – 58.452 mg kg⁻¹). Although there were differences (P <0.01) in the concentrations of Zn and Cu between the spring (Zn –163.749 mg kg⁻¹, Cu – 19.998 mg kg⁻¹) and autumn (Zn – 202.373 mg kg⁻¹, Cu – 25.496 mg kg⁻¹) species, the effect of the type of reproduction is considered to be only partial. At the same time the time of sampling affected the Zn and Mn (P <0.02) content. An important positive correlation was determined between the contents of Cu-Zn, Mn-Zn and Mn-Cu.
11

Herbs as a source of nutrition for flower-visiting hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae)

51%
Wojciechowicz-Zytko E., Jankowska B.
Folia Horticulturae
|
2017
|
tom 29
|
nr 2
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