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Vertebrate footprints occur in the Middle Buntsandstein (Lower Triassic) Labyrinthodontidae Beds exposed at Wióry in the northeastern margin of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland). They represent the richest footprint assemblage from the Middle Buntsandstein in Europe known to date. This assemblage comprises 11 ichnospecies representing seven ichnogenera attributable to amphibians and reptiles. The following new ichnotaxa are erected: Prorotodactylidae ichnofam. n., Prorotodactylus mirus ichnogen. et ichnosp. n., Capitosauroides fuglewiczi ichnosp. n., Brachychirotherium wiorense ichnosp. n., Isochirotherium gierlinskii ichnosp. n., Synaptichnium kotanskii ichnosp. n., and Rhynchosauroides rdzaneki ichnosp, n. The Prorotodactylus trackmakers possibly represent a systematic group close to that from which the Rotodactylus trackmakers and dinosaurs originated.
Since the creation of the taxon Woutersia mirabilis Sigogneau-Russell 1983, on a lower molar and two upper molars from the French locality of Saint-Nicolas-de-Port (late Triassic), quite a number of additional mammalian teeth have come to light; among them, are not only some elements undoubtedly belonging to this species, but also 5 teeth interpreted here as representing a second species of Woutersia, W. butleri sp. n. The peculiarities of this second species, especially in the upper molars, allow in turn the presentation and discussion of another upper molar from the same locality, which had remained an enigma for a long time. Though too large to be attributed to W. butleri, this tooth exhibits at a higher degree some characters already detected in the latter species, suggesting that it could still belong to Woutersia: but in that case, its sharing of some derived characters with upper molars of docodonts implies at least a certain parallelism between the new family Woutersiidae and primitive Docodonta.
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The Early Triassic microvertebrate assemblage from karst deposits of Czatkowice quarry, Kraków Upland, Poland, has been dated as of latest Olenekian age at youngest. The assemblage contains mainly small reptiles: three to four possible genera of procolophonids, a small predatory archosaur of proterosuchid or pre-proterosuchid grade, a prolacertiform, and one or two genera attributable to Lepidosauromorpha, one of them, very small, being a possible stem-lepidosaurian. Furthermore there are some less numerous amphibians, including the first European salientian (stem-frog) - Czatkobatrachus polonicus Evans & Borsuk-Bialynicka, 1998, as well as fishes. The bones are disarticulated but fairly well preserved. The assemblage provides a glimpse of the Early Triassic diversity of small taxa, otherwise poorly known, and has a considerable potential in highlighting the earliest phylogeny of such groups as lepidosauromorphs and salientians which are virtually unknown from other roughly contemporaneous horizons. The Czatkowice microvertebrate community appears to have lived under the mesic conditions of a freshwater oasis with the otherwise arid circumequatorial belt of Scythm Northern Pangea.
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Gardineria - a scleractinian living fossil

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The basic architecture (Bauplan) and microstructure of the skeleton of Recent Gardineria are noticeably different from those of most other modern scleractinians. The wall of the Gardineria skeleton is entirely epithecate (non-trabecular), while in the majority of modern Scleractinia the epitheca is either absent or added to the main wall which usually is of trabecular nature. These different patterns of theca formation reflect significant anatomical differences in the peripheral parts of the polyp. The Bauplan of Gardineria pattern, exceptional in the modern scleractinian fauna, was widespread among early Mesozoic corals, particularly among the Triassic protoheterastraeids. Similar skeletons also occur in some late Palaeozoic rugosans (e.g., polycoeliids). Zardinophyllum zardini, an aberrant Triassic scleractinian coral, with a supposed rugosan septal insertion, supports the hypothesis of the rugosan origin of the Scleractinia
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