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The aim of the work was the determination of the effect of the bed salinisation and alkalisation on germination and seedlings development of 8 basic turfgrasses. Bed was light soil, rate of salinisation was based on electrolitical conductivity (<4 mS cm⁻¹, 4-8 mS cm⁻¹, > 16 mS cm⁻¹) and ash from „Siekierki" Heating Plant. The results shows, that salinisation at the level 4-8 mS cm⁻¹ did not cause evident disturhances in germination of cultivars Nimba and Leo Festuca rubra, Nigra and Nira Lolium perenne and Igeka Agrostis capillaris. salinisation over 8 mS cm⁻¹ only cultivar Nimba Festuca rubra. The process of germination was effccted at lower degree of ash alkalinity than its salinisation. Alkaline pH significantly effected plant growth, especially roots.
The present studies concerned 21 cultivars of 7 lawn grass species (Agrostis canina L., Agrostis capillaris L., Festuca heterophylla Lam., Festuca ovina L. sensu lato, Festuca rubra L. sensu lato, Lolium perenne L., Poa pratensis L.) and Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Two sowing dates were applied: spring and late summer. Six to ten cuttings were made during the vegetation periods in the years of full utilisation. The rate of re-growing after cutting was evaluated on the basis of plant height before each of the following cutting. All Poa pratensis cultivars and Agrostis genus species characterized by the slowest re-groving rate after cutting. Among the remaining cultivars Niko (Festuca ovina), Nimba (Festuca rubra), Sawa (Festuca heterophylla) and Stadion (Lolium perenne) showed slow rate of re-growth. Cultivars of studied species (except from cultivars of Agrostis genus) sown in the spring were higher before each cutting than those sown in late summer.
The research was conducted during the years 1995-97 on a dumping ground of hard coal mine PIAST in New Bieruń. Eight species and cultivars of ornamental flower - bed grasses were cultivated on small fields, covered with a very poor and barren substrate, consisting of the dumping mine ground with very bad physical characteristics. Each year the reaction of individual grass species cultivated in the hard growing conditions were described and the measurements of characteristics of growing plants were performed. After three years of cultivation, the authors has stated that the growth of plants depended primarily on the characteristics of the species, cultivars and fertilisation. Generally, a poorer growth was observed in the control treatment (not fertilised), and the obtained results indicate on the need of enriching the barren substrate of the dumping ground. The decorative values of grasses with coloured leafage were particularly highly evaluated and this refered to: Elymus arenarius 'Glaucus', Festuca cinerea 'Azurit', Helictotrichon sempervirens, Glyceria maxima 'Variegata' and Phalaris arundinacea 'Picta'. The compared species and cultivars of omamental grasses grown on the dumping ground have not reached the full decorative values as they usually do in favourable growing conditions in parks and gardens. Nevertheless, some fragments of the dumping ground planted with ornamental grasses could be regarded in the vegetation period of each year as an aesthetic ones and giving a perspective chance of being grown on such mining damps.
The actual status of seed production of lawn grasses in Poland has been presented. In the National Register till 1999, 27 native lawn grass cultivars were listed. The farmer's knowledge about lawn grass cultivation principles, as well as the area of lawn grass plantation are gradually increasing in Poland. The growing competition of lawn grass-seed producing firms from abroad sauced a threat for Polish breeding activity.
The present research covered 13 commercially available mixes of lawn grass seeds (3 Polish and 10 imported). Seed material was X-rayed by means of X-ray apparatus „Elektronika-25" with standard exposure parameters. Percentage contribution of healthy seeds, damaged or empty seeds and seeds effected by fungi diseases was established on the basis of visual analysis of X-ray seed images. Moreover, seed establishment in the year of sowing and sward density in the second year of utilisation was evaluated. The studies showed that both Polish and imported lawn grass seed mixes varied in the percentage contribution of healthy, damaged, empty seeds and seeds infected with fungi. The highest functional value (70,4-87,8% of healthy seeds) was found in 4 mixes only. The lowest amount of healthy seeds was noted in two English mixes (16,7% and 35,5%) and two Danish mixes (30,4 and 42,4% ). Quality of the sowing material influenced plant establishment in the year of sowing and sward density in the following year.
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Stan hodowli i nasiennictwa traw gazonowych w Polsce

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The aim of the study was to recognise of thousand seed weight (TSW) of 44 breeding forms of Poa pratensis L. and its relationship to seed yield, leaf width, number of generative shoots, plants height, heading time. The forms of Poa pratensis including 7 cultivars, 13 breeding strains and 24 ecotypes were tested during 1997-98 in Radzików (central Poland). The forms were divided according to average of TSW in three groups: small seeds <0,300 g, medium seeds 0,300-0,350 g, and large seeds >0,350 g. Generally range of TSW was from 0,245 g to 0,425 g. The TSW of most forms was stable by years and replications. Range of coefficient variability value was from 2,4% to 15,1% for ecotypes and 4,0-6,0% for cultivars. Not significant correlation were found between TSW and seed yield, leaf width, number of generative shoots and heading time. Significant correlation between TSW and plants height was found (r = -0,40***).
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Czystosc nasion mieszanek traw gazonowych

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