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1

Use of propylene glycol and maize meal in cows during the transition period

100%
Kruczynska H., Nowak W., Wylegala S., Darul K., Rzepecka D.
Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement
|
2006
|
tom 03
193-197
2

Rural development processes in Estonia

100%
Ohvril T.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Ekonomika
|
2001
|
tom 29
3

Effects of propylene glycol supplementation on blood biochemical parameters in dairy cows

100%
Mikula R., Nowak W., Jaskowski J. M., Mackowiak P., Pruszynska E., Wlodarek J.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2008
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tom 52
|
nr 3
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of propylene glycol supplementation as powder top dressing during the transition period on selected blood parameters in dairy cows and to evaluate the optimum time of the administration of this glucose precursor. Forty-eight Holstein-Fresian cows were divided into four groups: control with no glycol supplementation, glycol administered from day 14 before parturition until calving, glycol supplemented from calving to day 14 postpartum, and glycol fed from day 14 prepartum to day 14 of lactation. Blood samples were collected three weeks and then one week before parturition and on 14th, 56th, and 70th d of lactation, then concentrations of glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, and the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were analysed. Propylene glycol, which was supplemented as top dressing during transition period, had no major effects on biochemical variables throughout this period. However, there was observed a positive glycol effect on glucose concentration and the activity of aspartate aminotransferase during lactation.
4

Body condition score loss, hepatic lipidosis and selected blood metabolites in Holstein cows during transition period

84%
Samanc H., Gvozdic D., Fratric N., Kirovski D., Djokovic R., Sladojevic Z., Cincovic M.
Animal Science Papers and Reports
|
2015
|
tom 33
|
nr 1
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the loss in body condition score (BCS) and loss (ΔBCS), energy balance (EB), hepatic lipidosis and blood serum concentration of non esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glucose, triacylglycerol (TAG) and total bilirubin (tBIL) in healthy dairy cows during transition period. Twenty healthy Holstein cows were included and categorized into groups based on BCS loss (ΔBCS) between dry period and early lactation (ΔBCS <0.75 and ≥0.75). Significant differences between groups (p<0.05) were observed for blood serum NEFA, glucose and tBIL. Cows with high ΔBCS (≥0.75) between dry period and early lactation showed increased blood serum NEFA, TAG and tBIL concentrations and lower blood serum glucose concentration during transition period, compared to the low ΔBCS cows (<0.75). Metabolic profiles of cows during transition period indicate high level of lipid mobilization from adipose tissue, possible decreased liver cells TAG export and gluconeogenic ability and impaired bilirubin metabolism if ΔBCS is increased by more than 0.75 points. ΔBCS was in relation with energy balance (EB) in transition period.
5
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Effect of glucogenic additive in transition dairy cow diets of varying ruminal starch degradability on blood metabolic profile

84%
Klebaniuk R., Kowalczuk-Vasilev E., Rocki G., Matras J., Olcha M., Bakowski M.
|
2015
|
tom 33
|
nr 4
6

Planning urban systems in Soviet times and in the era of transition: the case od Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania

84%
Vanagas J., Krisjane Z., Noorkoiv R., Staniunas E.
Geographia Polonica
|
2002
|
tom 75
|
nr 2
7

Development of simulation methods for labour protection status indicators

67%
Kasyanov N., Gunchenko O., Vishnevskiy D.
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
|
2010
|
tom 10A
8

Development of ovarian follicles, quality of oocytes and fertility of cows in view of a negative energy balance in the transition period

67%
Wlodarek J., Jaskowski J., Nowak W., Mikula J., Olechnowicz J.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2011
|
tom 67
|
nr 04
Energy metabolism in cows during the first three weeks after calving has a decisive effect on the incidence of the first estrus postpartum, the length of the voluntary waiting period and interpregnancy period. Additionally, the negative energy balance (NEB) is usually promoted by the relatively one-sided selection of cows towards high production - accepting the occurrence of NEB after calving as well as excessive body condition of cows before calving. In case of a rapid body condition loss in cows after calving, connected with fat mobilization, characteristic of cows in excessive body condition during drying off, ovarian follicles are not properly formed. Disorders of the ovulation process as well as a lower secretion of progesterone are more frequently recorded in those cows. As a result of an energy deficit at the beginning of lactation, the frequency of GnRH pulses from the hypothalamus is lower in high-producing cows. A lack of pulsation secretion of LH as an effect of the prolonged lack of adaptation of a sufficient amount of energy to the needs of the female was found both in beef and dairy cows. The recurrence of LH pulses, stimulating the onset of ovarian activity and the pre-ovulatory development of ovarian follicles, is crucail to the return of cyclical activity in the postpartum period in cows suffering from NEB. An energy deficit causes the incidence of a dysfunction of the reproductive system in the form of persistent ovarian failure, a delayed onset of normal ovarian activity, and the appearance of the first corpus luteum postpartum. The number of estrus cycles occurring before effective insemination is also reduced and both the voluntary waiting period and interpregnancy period are longer. An energy deficit in the postpartum period results in disorders in the functioning of the endometrium. Disturbed energy-consuming processes of endometrium remodeling lead to delays in uterine involution. Reduced uterine contractility and changes in its environment constitute causes for the retention of the placenta and postpartum metritis; in cows with NEB it was a reduced mitogen response of lymphocytes to cytohaema gglutinin. Moreover, a reduced phagocytic activity of macrophages was found in the milk of cows, in which high contents of ketone compounds were found in their plasma. Similarly, the activity of lymphocytes and neutrophiles was reduced in the environment with an addition of β-hydroxybutyric and acetoacetic acids, as well as elevated PUFA levels and a reduced blood leptin concentration.
9
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Effects of different starch sources on metabolic profile, production and fertility parameters in dairy cows

67%
Mikula R., Nowak W., Jaskowski J., Mackowiak P., Pruszynska Oszmalek E.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2011
|
tom 14
|
nr 1
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of replacing triticale (high rumen degradable starch) with maize grain (low rumen degradable starch) during the transition period and the first 120 days of lactation on metabolic and hormonal profile indices, milk production and fertility performance in cows. Forty-eight Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were divided into 4 groups: TT (2.5 kg triticale grain/cow per day supplemented from 14 days prepartum to day 120 postpartum), TM (2.5 kg triticale grain/cow per day supplemented from day 14 before parturition to calving, and then 2.5 kg maize grain to 120 days of lactation), MT (2.5 kg maize grain/cow per day supplemented from day 14 before parturition to calving, and then 2.5 kg triticale grain to 120 days of lactation), MM (2.5 kg maize grain/cow per day supplemented from 14 days prepartum to day 120 postpartum). Blood samples were collected 3 weeks and 1 week before calving and on days 14, 56 and 70 of lactation, and they were analyzed in terms of concentrations of glucose, insulin, leptin, insulin-like growth factor I, nonesterified fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and activities of aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. Milk samples were collected twice a day at weekly intervals and analyzed for fat, protein and lactose. Milk yield and individual dry mater intake were recorded at weekly intervals. Body condition was estimated 3 weeks before calving, on parturition day and on days 14, 56 and 120 of lactation. Replacing triticale grain with maize grain in the transition period and during lactation positively affected fertility of lactating cows. An increased first service conception rate and shortening of the days open period was observed in MM and TM groups in comparison to those found in group MT (P ≤ 0.05). The lowest number of services per conception was recorded in groups MM and TM (P ≤ 0.05). Although the impact of milk production and the most of the blood indices were not significantly affected by this treatment, the results of the study suggest that maize grain in the transition period and lactation might be a more effective energy source for dairy cows than triticale grain.
10
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Food safety in Poland in the aspect of European Union integration

67%
Borawski P.
Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego. Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego
|
2006
|
tom 14
Food safety and quality are main issues in food economics. The first part of this paper deals with food quality in Poland before and after the process of integration with the EU. The conducted analysis have confirmed the improvement of Polish food quality. The sanitary conditions of Polish processing plants have also improved. But the concentration of nitrates is still very high in some vegetable products. The second part contains an analysis of the Polish exports and imports and their changes in the economic transition process. Wheat imports were higher than exports. In addition to this, the survey proved that Poland is self-sufficient in food production and food safety has improved in the transition period.
11

Influence of glycerin on content of chosen biochemical blood parameters of cows in transition period

67%
Kupczynski R., Bodarski R., Adamski M.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Veterinary Medicine
|
2011
|
tom 14
|
nr 2
12

Temporal characteristics of the initial stages diffusion of aerosols in a turbulent flow

67%
Sokolov V., Kuzmenko S., Veligura A.
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
|
2010
|
tom 10B
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