В статье проанализировано влияние рынка труда на формирование магистерских программ подготовки специалистов (магистров) для инженерно-технического обеспечения агропромышленного сектора экономики. Значительное внимание уделяется основным факторам качества учебного процесса подготовки специалистов (магистров) для инженерно-технического обеспе- чения агропромышленного сектора экономики.
The purpose of this study was to present a time motion differences between Romanian and Polish young soccer players during 6 vs 6 small sided games. Young male football players from Schools of Sports Masters in Oradea (Romania) and Łódź (Poland) participated in the study. During the training session the players participated in four small-sided games 6 vs. 6 with goalkeepers (4 × 4 min, 3 min of active recovery). Heart rate responses and distance covered during small-sided games were compared. There were significant differences in the distance covered by both nationality players and age groups in reference to each intensity zone. Polish players coverd significantly longer distance compared with romanian soccer players. The results of motion abilities of young players from two countries with different training systems show that training programs can have a significant effect on adoptive abilities of the players.
Introduction. Sport biomechanics focuses on the evaluation of athletes’ running stride characteristics with training shoes and barefoot. Few studies have assessed the running performance of shod and unshod preadolescent athletes, and they have been carried out only in laboratory conditions. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of preadolescent athletes in the 1000 m running event by applying two protocols: with training shoes and barefoot. Material and Methods. Forty three (n = 43) preadolescent athletes were recruited for the study. In the fi rst testing session the participants’ anthropometric data and their VO₂max were recorded. The athletes were randomly assigned to compete in two testing protocols in counterbalanced order. The t-test assessed the performance in two protocols while the ROC curves were applied to illustrate the discrimination between performances relative to the athletes’ gender. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis was applied to evaluate the inter-correlations between the athletes’ VO₂max, and their anthropometric characteristics during an 1000m running event shod and unshod. Results. The results showed that boys performed better than girls in the 1000 m event, shod and unshod. Pearson’s correlation analysis presented a substantial effect on the VO₂max and body fat in the preadolescents’ performance in both protocols. In spite of the fact that boys performed slightly better than girls, the t-test did not confirm the signifi cant differences in the athletes’ 1000 m performance barefoot. Conclusions. The importance of the present study lies in the fact that the running performance of preadolescent athletes barefoot is not worse than their performance in training shoes, and this can provide an incentive for future research concerning the content of training programs of young athletes.
This study examined the capacity of collateral dependent blood flow induced by a prolonged treadmill training program, as compared to a low collateral resistance model created by femoral artery to vein (A-V) shunt. Sprague-Dawley rats, with bilateral femoral artery occlusion were confined to cage activity (Sed, n=9) or trained by daily treadmill exercise (Tr, n=15; up to ~350 min/d) for 15 weeks. Another set of animals received a femoral A-V anastomosis in one limb and treated with (n=4) or without VEGF165 (n=9) infusion for 2 weeks. The contralateral side was used as control. Blood flow (BF) was measured with isotope labeled microspheres. Maximal calf muscle BF increased by 15 week training (up to 100±5.0 ml·min-1·100g-1 (p<0.05); 0.71±0.04 ml·min-1·100g-1·mmHg-1), a response better (20-25%) than the less demanding training programs used previously. In contrast, femoral A-V shunt with VEGF165 increased calf muscle conductance to 1.70±0.3 ml·min-1·100 g-1·mmHg-1 that is similar to blood flows observed in non-occluded rats during maximal running. Our data indicate that the collateral circuit development is related to the driving stimulus and that exercise training, does not provide a maximal stimulus for adaptation that is possible. Nonetheless, exercise training results in profound increases in exercise capacity associated with this enhanced collateral blood flow. Our results illustrate that vascular adaptations can be much greater when physiologically induced stimuli are enhanced at the time of therapeutic angiogenesis.