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How “natural” training methods can affect equine mental state? A critical approach - a review

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Rozempolska-Rucinska I., Trojan M., Kosik E., Prochniak T., Gorecka-Bruzda A.

Animal Science Papers and Reports

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2013

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tom 31

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nr 3

Among equestrians the “natural” training methods of horses are gaining widespread popularity due to their spectacular efficiency. Underlying philosophy of trainers - founders of different “natural horsemanship training” (NHT) schools, along with other not well documented statements includes argumentation of solely welfare- and human-friendly effects of NHT in the horse. The aim of this review was to screen scientific papers related to NHT to answer the question whether „natural” training methods may actually exert only positive effects upon equine mental state and human-horse relationship. It appears that NHT trainers may reduce stress and emotional tension and improve learning processes as they appropriately apply learning stimuli. Basing on revised literature it can be concluded that training is successful provided that [i] the strength of the aversive stimulus meets sensitivity of an individual horse, [ii] the aversive stimulus is terminated at a right moment to avoid the impression of punishment, and [iii] the animal is given enough time to assess its situation and make an independent decision in the form of adequate behavioural reaction.Neglecting any of these conditions may lead to substantial emotional problems, hyperactivity, or excessive fear in the horse-human relationship, regardless of the training method.However, we admit that the most successful NHT trainers reduce aversive stimulation to the minimum and that horses learn quicker with fear or stress reactions, apparently decreasing along with training process. Anyway, NHT should be acknowledged for absolutely positive role in pointing out the importance of proper stimulation in the schooling and welfare of horses.

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The effects of small-sided games on fitness components and technical abilities among youth soccer players

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Ahmad M. F., Lee Low J. F., Nadzalan A. M.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2024

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tom 45

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nr 01

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Effects of high density planting and two training methods of dwarf apple trees grown in Sub-Carpathian Region

84%

Szczygiel A., Mika A.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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2003

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tom 11

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The effects of an alternative training method on physical and technical abilities of adolescent soccer players. A pilot study

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Bogiatzidis E., Ispyrlidis I., Gourgoulis V., Bogiatzidou A., Chatzinikolaou A., Mantzouranis N., Smilios I.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2022

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tom 37

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nr 01

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Effect of training in integrated production of strawberries on farmers' knowledge and pro-ecological practices

67%

Dabrowski Z. T., Karaszewska I.

Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Horticulture and Landscape Architecture

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2006

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tom 27

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Time and language - critical remarks on diagnosis and training methods of temporal-order judgment

67%

Wittmann M., Fink M.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2004

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tom 64

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nr 3

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Monty Roberts - człowiek, który słucha koni

59%

Sieradzan M.

Hodowca i Jeździec

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2020

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tom 18

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nr 1

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Współczesne koncepcje szkolenia w jeździectwie

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Jodkowska E.