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1

Impact of roasting conditions (time and temperature) on Maillard reaction indexes and antiradical capacity of carob

100%
Vasung M., Cepo D. V., Vujic L.
Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
|
2011
|
tom 61
|
nr Suppl.1
2

Effective active time of limbing and conversion at chainsaw use in selected technology and habitat variants

100%
Glazar K.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria
|
2014
|
tom 13
|
nr 2
The time within which, accordingly to its application, machine works, and an object of work and working groups are under load, is the effective active time. The purpose of the research was the order statistics of effective active time of limbing and conversion at chainsaw use in two technology and two habitat variants. The effective active time of limbing and conversion of one tree was most frequently from 0.5 s to 10.49 s in variant in which the limbing included tree crowns and only thicker branches cutting and the conversion included rods meant for chipping. The strong tree’s branching in fresh mixed coniferous forest had influence on the prolonged limbing time. The share of S2a assortment in total volume of harvested wood had influence on the conversion time, besides the number of wood assortment cutting.
3

The effect of time and temperature on motility of spermatozoa of common and grass carp

100%
Jezierska B., Witeska M.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Fisheries
|
1999
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tom 02
|
nr 2
The sperm collected from common and grass carp males was stored at 5oC, and activated with water of various temperatures (20, 26, and 30oC). Time of spermatozoa motility was measured. Motility decreased with time after milt collection. Common carp spermatozoa were active longer, up to 70–80 s. In most series their activity was reduced after 24 hours. Spermatozoa of grass carp were active up to 30–55 s, and their motility shortened already in 8 hours post collection. After 24 hours they were motile less than 10 s. The effect of temperature of activation was observed – the spermatozoa were active for the longest time at 20oC. Spermatozoa motility time was also affected by temperature of storage. Even short–term (15 min) keeping spermatozoa at 20oC shortened their motility time in both species, and after 2 hour storage common carp sperm motility was reduced by about 50%.
4
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Comparative analysis of fluoride content in sheep mandibles from archeological excavations in Szczecin according to individual age and time of being deposited in soil

84%
Snioszek M., Telesinski A., Musik D., Zakrzewska H.
Journal of Elementology
|
2008
|
tom 13
|
nr 4
675-684
Bones can be a very good marker of environmental contamination by fluoride. Bones in a living organism have a different composition than in a dead one. As a result of adsorption from soil, bones from archeological excavations usually have more fluoride than those in a living body, and a significant portion of the fluorides they contain are acquired after death. This paper presents the results of a studies on fluoride content of sheep mandibles from archeological excavation sites in Szczecin. An attempt was undertaken to define how the chronological age of the bones and the time they had been lying in soil affected the bones. The material consisted of sheep mandibles from several excavations sites: Szczecin Mścięcino, Szczecin Rynek Warzywny, and Szczecin Zamek Książąt Pomorskich (Szczecin Castle of Pomeranian Dukes). Cultural layers in these excavations were mostly formed from humus and humus with sand and clay. The fluoride content was determined by an ion-selective electrode with the pH/mV Orion 920A. Fluoride content was determined in 270 mandibles, which were classified into sheep age categories and according to the archeological age of the bones. The individual and archeological age of the sheep bones was determined by archeologists during the initial tests of the bones. A comparative evaluation of the significance of differences in the average fluoride content in the bones was performed by means of a single factor analysis of the orthogonal variance. The least significant differences were estimated by Tukey’s test. The results show that the fluoride content depends on the individual age of animals and the chronological age of bones. The fluoride content of the sheep mandibles increased along with the individual age of the animals. Moreover, chronologically younger bones contained significantly less fluoride than older ones. In the sheep mandibles which lay longer in soil, the fluoride content tended to increase with the chronological age, while in chronologically youngest bones the tendency was reverse.
5
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The management of ecosystem services versus time in ecosystems

84%
Michalowski A.
Ekonomia i Środowisko
|
2012
|
nr 2
6

Effect of conditions and time of storage on the content of vitamin C and carotenoids in dill [Anethum graveolens L.]

84%
Jaworska G., Kmiecik W., Lisiewska Z.
Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Agraria
|
2001
|
tom 39
The level of vitamin C, L-ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and beta-carotene was compared in leaves and whole plants of dill stored in at ambient temperature and in a cold room. The evaluation was carried out at two-day intervals up to the time when in the organoleptic aspect the stored material lost its technological and commercial quality. In ambient temperature it occurred after two and in the cold room after 14 days. After two-day storage at ambient temperature the losses in fresh weight reached 51-56% in the case of L-ascorbic acid, 35-51% of vitamin C, 8-18% of carotenoids, and 15-20% of beta-carotene. After 14-day storage at cold room temperatures the losses in respective components amounted to 42-56%, 34—56%, 14-26%, and 11-31%.
7

Production of chitosan with specified physicochemical properties by means of controlling the time and temperature of the reaction of deacetylation

84%
Wojtasz-Pajak A., Bykowski P. J.
Bulletin of the Sea Fisheries Institute
|
1998
|
nr 1
8

Relation between stopover length and time and body parameters of European Robin Erithacus rubecula [L., 1758] during autumn migration [Central Poland]

84%
Polak M., Szewczyk P.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2007
|
tom 55
|
nr 3
The relation between age, body parameters and the stopover behaviour of a small, short-distance, migratory bird during the season of autumn (August–October) was studied. Capture-recapture data of 1018 first-year and 89 adult European Robins migrating through central Poland (“Kaliszany” ringing station, 21°48’E, 51°05’N) in autumn between 1997 and 2005 were analysed. Body mass, length of wing and tail of young Robins caught and stayed at the stopover site showed significant seasonal variation. Immature Robins made longer stopovers (median = 4 days, 1–41) in the area than older ones (median = 3 days, 1–32). The stopover duration decreased continuously during the season. However, body mass changes at the staging site was not related to the age of birds. The birds migrating in the second half of autumn (late September–October) period accumulated fat faster than birds migrating in the early season. Our analyses confirmed that late migrants stayed for shorter stopovers and gained more body mass than early migrating birds due to a shift in migration strategy as an adaptation to time stress.
9
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Time and temperature dependent sorption behaviour of dimethoate pesticide in various Indian soils

67%
Rani S., Sud D.
International Agrophysics
|
2014
|
tom 28
|
nr 4
Experiments were conducted to study the sorption behaviour of dimethoate in three Indian soils at different temperatures. A kinetic study showed that adsorption equilibrium was reached within 15 h at different initial levels of pesticide concentration. Applicability of the pseudo second order kinetic model suggested that the adsorption process was complex and several mechanisms were involved. The Freundlich model explained the adsorption behaviour adequately and the isotherms were of S-type. The adsorption process was found to be strongly affected by temperature. The Gibbs free energy change, ΔGº values (from -15.81 to -16.60 kJ mol-1) indicated that the process was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The change in enthalpy of adsorption, ΔH° values (from -17.729 to -21.539 kJ mol-1) suggested that relatively weak H-bond forces were the main driving forces for adsorption. Desorption was found to be concentration- and temperature-depen- dent with higher desorption occurring at higher temperature and concentration levels. The results signify the importance of temperature in controlling the mobility of dimethoate in water bodies.
10
Content available remote

Hawthorn revisited: time- and dose-dependent cardioprotective action of WS-1442 special extract in the reperfusion-induced arrhythmia model in rats in vivo

67%
Zorniak M., Porc M. P., Krzeminski T. F.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2019
|
tom 70
|
nr 2
11

FEM algorithm for chair optimisation

67%
Smardzewski J., Gawronski T.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Wood Technology
|
2001
|
tom 04
|
nr 2
Current trends to improve the quality and reliability of manufactured finished products cause that more and more attention is paid to the optimisation of rigidity-strength dimensioning of furniture elements constructional nodes. The objective of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of static optimisation methods determining the minimum of material volume in time function and sampling number. Moreover, the performed investigations aimed at establishing minimal dimensions of component elements of the construction at maximum strength parameters. The experiments carried out revealed that static optimisation of the construction of the chair with the aid of the Monte-Carlo method integrated with the FEM environment allowed to reduce material consumption to 53% of the initial volume within 17 seconds of work of the application. A sub-optimal solution, sufficient for engineering practice, is reached, on average, in time 18 times shorter than that reached using the random walk method.
12
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Capybaras, size, shape, and time: A model kit

67%
Vucetich M. G., Deschamps C. M., Olivares A. I., Dozo M. T.
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
|
2005
|
tom 50
|
nr 2
The capybaras (Hydrochoeridae) are outstanding rodents for their large size and euhypsodont and multilaminated cheek teeth. Although today they are represented by a single species, it was generally thought that their past diversity was much higher, especially during the late Miocene–early Pliocene. Such diversity is here analyzed taking into account the ontogenetic variation of the p4–m3 in different populations. Numerous isolated teeth of different size found in the upper levels of the Puerto Madryn Formation (late Miocene, Peninsula Valdés, Argentina) were interpreted as members of an ontogenetic series of a new species here described, Cardiatherium patagonicum. They provided clues to evaluate ontogenetic variation and a new framework to analyze the family diversity. In this context, it is proposed that multiple species described from the Ituzaingó Formation (late Miocene, Entre Ríos, Argentina) based on lower teeth, may actually represent specimens of different stages of the ontogenetic trajectory of a single species. Likewise, we found that several nominal taxa from other localities were based on juvenile specimens. According to these results, the diversity of the Hydrochoeridae during the late Miocene and early Pliocene was drastically reduced. The validity of the subfamily Cardiatheriinae is debated. Finally, it is suggested that the whole family should be revised taking into account the ontogenetic variation.
13

Time and language - critical remarks on diagnosis and training methods of temporal-order judgment

67%
Wittmann M., Fink M.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2004
|
tom 64
|
nr 3
14

Visual perception in space and time - mapping the visual field of temporal resolution

67%
Poggel D. A., Strasburger H.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2004
|
tom 64
|
nr 3
15

Wplyw warunkow hodowli szczepow z gatunku Lactobacillus plantarum na ich aktywnosc antagonistyczna

59%
Kraszewska J., Wzorek W., Wojtasik I.
Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość. Suplement
|
2006
|
tom 13
|
nr 2
153-161
Obecnie dużym zainteresowaniem cieszy się żywność funkcjonalna, do której należą m.in. produkty zawierające żywe kultury bakterii probiotycznych (np. bakterie fermentacji mlekowej). Bakterie fermentacji mlekowej odgrywają kluczową rolę podczas naturalnej konserwacji produktów spożywczych. Drobnoustroje te wytwarzają wiele związków o właściwościach antagonistycznych wobec bakterii gnilnych i chorobotwórczych, a także drożdży i pleśni. Zdolność produkcji przez bakterie fermentacji mlekowej metabolitów antagonistycznych zależy od wielu czynników m.in. temperatury i czasu hodowli bakterii. Celem pracy było określenia wpływu warunków (temperatury, czasu) hodowli szczepów z gatunku Lactobacillus plantarum na właściwości antagonistyczne w stosunku do bakterii gram-dodatnich oraz gram-ujemnych. Stwierdzono, że badane szczepy hamują wzrost stosowanych bakterii wskaźnikowych. Wykazano wpływ czasu oraz temperatury inkubacji bakterii fermentacji mlekowej na ich działanie antagonistyczne w stosunku do bakterii wskaźnikowych. Największe strefy zahamowania wzrostu obserwowano - na ogół - stosując 48-godzinną inkubację bakterii fermentacji mlekowej w temperaturze 37°C. Badane szczepy Lactobacillus plantarum inkubowane w temp. 6°C nie wykazywały zdolności hamowania wzrostu bakterii E. coli ATCC 25922, P. mirabilis 180, K. ornithinolytica.
16

O szybkości ewolucji świata zwierzęcego w dziejach skorupy ziemi

59%
Pachucki C.
Wszechświat
|
1957
|
nr 02
17

Budzet czasu w subiektywnej opinii Polakow klasy sredniej

51%
Burlita A.
Marketing i Rynek
|
2007
|
tom 14
|
nr 04
31-35
18

O marnotrawstwie w literaturze nauk o zarządzaniu

43%
Burka I.
Problemy Jakości
|
2012
|
tom 44
|
nr 07-08
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