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Twenty new synonyms are proposed for four species of Ceratopogonidae: Atrichopogon rostratus (Winnertz, 1852), Bezzia annulipes (Meigen, 1830), Dasyhelea flavifrons (Guérin, 1833) and Dasyhelea saxicola (Edwards, 1929). Atrichopogon transversalis Kieffer, 1918, A. ventralis Kieffer, 1918, A. homopterus Kieffer, 1919, A. coracellus Kieffer, 1919 and A. nigriventris Kieffer, 1919 are junior synonyms of Ceratopogon rostratus Winnertz, 1852. Bezzia digramma Kieffer, 1925 is junior synonym of Ceratopogon annulipes Meigen, 1830. Ceratopogon obscurus Winnertz, 1852, C. versicolor Winnertz, 1852, C. dufouri Laboulbène, 1869, C. hippocastani Mik, 1888, Dasyhelea brevitibialis Goetghebuer, 1919, D. goetghebueri Kieffer, 1919, D. lignicola Kieffer, 1919, D. sensualis Kieffer, 1919, D. paludicola Kieffer, 1925, D. oppressa Thomsen, 1935 and D. septuosa Borkent, 1997 are junior synonyms of Ceratopogon flavifrons Guérin, 1833. Dasyhelea geleiana Zilahi-Sebess, 1931, D. tecticola Remmert, 1953 and D. karelica Glukhova et Brodskaya, 1997 are junior synonyms of Tetraphora saxicola Edwards, 1929. Culicoides karajevi Dzhafarov, 1961 is treated as a junior synonym of Culicoides semimaculatus Clastrier, 1958.
The last worldwide account of Aphanolejeunea, done 25 years ago, recognized 41 valid species. Since then the number of accepted taxa has increased by 10 new species, described mostly by us, and 4 species, as new combinations, were transferred from Cololejeunea to Aphanolejeunea. It also turned out that some other names, mostly synonyms, have been overlooked in the intervening years. Recent molecular evidence has shown that at the generic level Aphanolejeunea cannot be separated from Cololejeunea. Here, all valid Aphanolejeunea taxa are merged with (or returned to) Cololejeunea. Forty-three Cololejeunea names are established for the previously known 64 Aphanolejeunea binomials, 23 new combinations and 4 new names (these latter to avoid homonymy) are made, and 22 new synonyms are proposed. The continental distributions of all species are given, based on our recent knowledge.
The Verrucaria fuscella group in Poland is revised. Two species, Placopyrenium fuscellum and Verrucaria polysticta, are confirmed for Poland, and Placopyrenium canellum is reported for the first time. Dermatocarpon subfuscellum var. serpentini Servít is synonymized with P. fuscellum and V. fuscella f. subpruinosa Servít is synonymized with V. polysticta.
Ten genera of the subfamily Doryctinae are recorded from Japan for the first time: Caenophanes Foerster, 1862, Guaygata Marsh, 1993, Leluthia Cameron, 1887, Mimipodoryctes Belokobylskij, 2001, Neurocrassus Šnoflak, 1945, Parallorhogas Marsh, 1993, Platyspathius Viereck, 1911, Polystenus Foerster, 1862, Rhacontsira Belokobylskij, 1998, and Spathiomorpha Tobias, 1976. Twenty five new species and one new subspecies are described from the Japanese islands: Caenophanes confusus sp. nov., C. infuscatus sp. nov., C. kyushuensis sp. nov., C. pumilio sp. nov., C. rasilis sp. nov., C. yakuensis sp. nov., Guaygata mayaensis sp. nov., Leluthia (Leluthia) honshuensis sp. nov., L. (L.) nagoyae sp. nov., L. (Euhecabolodes) postfurcalis sp. nov., Mimipodoryctes rokkoensis sp. nov., Neurocrassus hinoematus sp. nov., N. hypodoryctoides sp. nov. N. ibarakius sp. nov., N. miyanourus sp. nov., N. sanageensis sp. nov., Parallorhogas ambiguus sp. nov., P. boninus sp. nov., P. icarus sp. nov., P. maeseensis sp. nov., P. pacificus sp. nov., P. pacificus micronesianus subsp. nov., Rhacontsira insulicola sp. nov., R. toyota sp. nov., R. yamagishii sp. nov., Spathiomorpha japonica sp. nov. Six species are recorded for the first time for Japan: Guaygata mariae (Belokobylskij, 1993), Neurocrassus rarus (Belokobylskij, 1982), N. tentorialis Belokobylskij, 1993, Platyspathius ornatulus (Enderlein, 1912), Polystenus rugosus Foerster, 1862, Rhacontsira heterospiloides (Belokobylskij, 1988). Two new synonyms are suggested: Rhyssalus rubriceps Cameron, 1909 = Mimipodoryctes robustus Belokobylskij, 2001 (syn. nov.); Spathiohormius ornatulus Enderlein, 1912 = Spathius dinoderi Gahan, 1925 (syn. nov.). The following new combinations are given: Guaygata mariae (Belokobylskij, 1993), comb, nov., Polystenus remus (Nixon, 1943), comb, nov., Spathiostenus tenuis (Nixon, 1943), comb. nov. Lectotypes of Spathiohormius ornatulus Enderlein and Rhyssalus rubriceps Cameron are designated for stability of nomenclature. Keys to species of the genera Caenophanes Foerster, Guaygata Marsh, Leluthia Cameron, Mimipodoryctes Belokobylskij, Neurocrassus Šnoflak, Parallorhogas Marsh, Rhacontsira Belokobylskij, and Spathiomorpha Tobias are provided.
The following six species of the subgenus Meloehelea WIRTH of Atrichopogon KIEFFER are recognised in Europe: A. atriscapulus KIEFFER, 1918; A. orbicularis KIEFFER, 1919; A. oedemerarum STORÅ, 1939; A. lucorum (MEIGEN, 1818); A. meloesugans KIEFFER, 1922; A. winnertzi GOETGHEBUER, 1922. They are diagnosed, interpreted, illustrated and placed in the atriscapulus or lucorum species groups. A. meloesugans is restored from synonymy. Forcipomyia setosipennis KIEFFER, 1911 is considered as a new junior synonym of A. lucorum and A. torgnyensis GOETGHEBUER, 1949 as a new synonym of A. winnertzi. New synonymy. Keys for identification of females and males of the subgenus are also provided. A. atriscapulus is reported for the first time in Europe.
Recent examination of adult predatory biting midges of the genus Sphaeromias Curtis showed two species: S. fasciatus (MEIGEN, 1804) and S. pictus (MEIGEN, 1818) to occur in Europe. Ceratopogon punctatus MEIGEN, 1830, Ceratopogon candidatus LOEW, 1856, Xylocrypta miricornis KIEFFER, 1919 and Sphaeromias sparus BORKENT, 1997 are recognized as new junior synonyms of S. pictus. New synonymy.
The Afrotropical monotypic genus Melisoides STRAND is redescribed. The redescription of Melisoides lobata STRAND, 1912 as well as new data on the distribution of the genus are provided. Collartisa KIRIAKOFF is synonymized with Melisoides STRAND (new synonym). Two new synonyms of Melisoides lobata STR. are proposed: Paramelisa bitjeana BETHUNE-BAKER, 1927 and Collartisa collartorum KIRIAKOFF, 1953. Photographs of the adults and male and female genitalia are included.
Re-examination of the type-material of Mesocyclops iranicus Lindberg, 1936 revealed that this species has to be considered as a junior synonym of the widely distributed M. aspericornis (Daday, 1906). Some observations on the micromorphology are presented, and a list of the type-materials of the species described from Iran by Lindberg in 1936 and which he deposited in the collections of the Recent Invertebrate Section is given.
Triplax califomica LeConte and T. antica LeConte are found to be conspecific. Both populations represent distinct, well-defined subspecies with a narrow zone where the populations freely interbreed. Data regarding fungal host relationships of this species indicate a broader host range for the adults than is known for other North American Triplax.
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