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The aim of the study was to monitor the effects of radiation emitted by a low energy laser on regenerating the musculus longissimus lumborum in pigs. The muscle was damaged through injections of 10 cm3 of a 0.5% bupivacain solution. Analyses were carried out on 34 wbp gilts aged 10 weeks, with an average body weight of 20 kg. Infrared radiation was applied for 5 days at a wavelength of 830 nm emitted by a 100 mW laser with an energy density of 4 J/cm2. The animals were euthanized 6, 12, and 24 hours as well as 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days after muscle damage. Muscle specimens were subjected to histopathology (HE, PAS acc. to McManus, HBFP, Feulgena, Unny), ultrastructure (TEM) and immunohistochemical analyses (PCNA, desmin, vimentin). Extensive blood extravasations were observed in the experimental pigs at the bupivacain injection site, which after laser therapy remained up to the second day, and in the control group up to the fourth day of the experiment. Induced necrosis of muscle fibres was present up to day 14 in the control group and up to day 5 of the study in the experimental group. Numerous oval and fusiform, desmino positive and myoblasts were observed in the laser radiation-stimulated muscles as early as from day 2 of the experiment. Myoblasts were sporadic on day 2 in the control group, and it was observed that their number increased beginning from day 3. Myotubes and infrequent young fibres were observed in the experimental group as early as on day 3, and in the control group - on day 4. The results obtained indicate that bio-stimulation with laser light accelerates the regeneration process of necrosis muscle fibres due to more efficient phagocytosis of extravasated blood cells and necrosis of muscle fibres as well as the proliferation of myogenic cells. A substantially weaker effect of bio-stimulation was observed as far as the process of myoblast differentiation and growth of newly formed muscle fibres were concerned.
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