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Some chromatographic methods (RP-HPLC) for analyses of different ionic liquids have been developed. The determination methods were suitable for the study of biodegradation of these substances.
Studies were conducted on the improvement of A. culicicola identification. This species is phenotypically very similar to A. veronii biotype sobria, A. sobria, and A. allosaccharophila. The sequences of 16S rDNA of A. culicicola isolates show the highest similarity with A. jandaei, A. veronii, and A. caviae. Digestion of 16S rDNA PCR product with Alul and Mbol restriction endonucleases allowed discriminating A. culicicola from all other Aeromonas species with the exception of A. jandaei. Additional digestion of 16S rDNA PCR product with BceAI showed a possibility of distinguishing A. jandaei from A. culicicola.
The low concentration of beryllium in waters requires the use of adequate methods for preparing the samples and adequate equipment for determining its concentration. This study presents the methodology for determining beryllium concentration in surface waters using the ICP-AES method as well as showing data that refer to the concentration of this element in surface waters from the selected monitoring points located on the Vistula, Przemsza and Klodnica Rivers.
Quantitative determination of dioctyl the phthalate [bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, DEHP] pollutant in soil and surface water near the "ERG" Factory of Synthetic Polymers located in Wąbrzeźno (Toruń District) has been carried out. Results confirm a high concentration of DEHP in the soil (max. 45 g/kg of air-dry soil). DEHP was also found in the water and bottom muds of Sitno Lake, near Wąbrzeźno (max. 82 mg/kg in wet mud, 0.65 ppm in surface water). Quantification was done using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).
Data concerning the systematic determination of anionic surfactants (AS) and non-ionic surfactants (NS) over the period 1990-2000 in a single sampling point (Poznan) is reported, as well as data concerning the determination of these surfactants along the whole of the River Warta measured in 1997-1999. The indirect tensammetric method was applied for the determination of non-ionic surfactants, while the MBAS method was applied for the determination of anionic surfactants. The: average concentration of NS over the period 1990-2000 showed a highly increasing tendency, from approximately 25 mug l(-1) to approximately 150 mug l(-1). The average spring-summer concentration of AS over this period fluctuated around the value of 140 mug l(-1), while autumn-winter average concentrations showed a gradual decrease in average concentration over the last five years, from approximately 300 mug l(-1) to approximately 150 mug l(-1).
River-lake systems comprise chains of lakes connected by rivers and streams that flow into and out of them. The contact zone between a lake and a river can act as a barrier, where inflowing matter is accumulated and transformed. Magnesium and calcium are natural components of surface water, and their concentrations can be shaped by various factors, mostly the geological structure of a catchment area, soil class and type, plant cover, weather conditions (precipitation- evaporation, seasonal variations), land relief, type and intensity of water supply (surface runoffs and groundwater inflows), etc. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of a river-lake system on magnesium and calcium concentrations in surface water (inflows, lake, outflow) and their accumulation in bottom deposits. The study was performed between March 2011 and May 2014 in a river-lake system comprising Lake Symsar with inflows, lying in the Olsztyn Lakeland region. The study revealed that calcium and magnesium were retained in the water column and the bottom deposits of the lake at 12.75 t Mg year-1 and 1.97 t Ca year-1. On average, 12.7±1.2 g of calcium and 1.77±0.9 g of magnesium accumulated in 1 kg of bottom deposits in Lake Symsar. The river-lake system, which received pollutants from an agricultural catchment, influenced the Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations in the water and the bottom deposits of Lake Symsar. The Tolknicka Struga drainage canal, to which incompletely treated municipal wastewater was discharged, also affected Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels, thus indicating the significant influence of anthropogenic factors.
This paper describes the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the time series modeling of total phosphorous concentrations in the Odra River. Data from the monitoring site Police in the lower part of the Odra were used for training, validating and testing the models. Two models are proposed to prove the satisfactory forecast of phosphorus concentrations: a simpler one with a single input variable and a more complex one with 14 input variables. Both ANN models show a high ability to predict from the new data set. On the basis of sensitivity analysis the relationships between phosphorus concentrations and other water quality variables were established.
With the recent use of bacterial technology for the restoration of a polluted urban stream in China, this paper will show the general feasibility of such biological treatment from the perspective of numerical modelling. Based on the results, a low concentration of BOD₅ can be achieved in shorter distance for higher bacterial concentration applied. Generally greater flow of domestic wastewater will be proportionally balanced by higher bacterial growth. Under limited DO concentration, higher bacterial concentration would also create a breaking point on the declining distribution of BOD₅. The combination of oxygenation and artificial mixing of bacteria would result in lower concentrations of BOD₅ at the downstream.
Concentrations of metals, i.e. As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn were analysed in bottom deposits of a marine port in Ustka and within the adjacent beach sections. Metal concentrations within the port channel may be ordered in terms of increasing values as: Cd < As < Ni < Zn < Cu < Pb < Mn. Heavy metal concentrations detected in port sediments were much higher than those in beach deposits. Samples of surface waters were also collected from the port channel, harbour basins and nearby beaches and selected physico-chemical indexes were determined, including heavy metal concentrations.
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