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The aim of the study was to determine the effect of feed ration with a variable content of carbohydrates on the production performance of blue arctic fox. The research included 60 blue arctic foxes which were divided into two groups: experimental (30 individuals) and control (30 individuals). The experimental group, compared to the control group, was fed with a ration with a higher level of carbohydrates, whose source were ground grains (ground barley and wheat) as well as dried beet pulp. The experiment lasted from weaning of the pups until the day when the foxes were slaughtered (29 week). Based on control weighing (at the beginning of the experiment, at 17 and 29 weeks of age) the average body weight was calculated (in kg), as well as the total (in kg) and daily (in g) body weight gain. The average final body weight of foxes in both groups was similar, and ranged from 15.67 kg (control group) to 16.20 kg (experimental group). Males were characterized by a slightly higher body weight than females (however, these differences were not confirmed statistically). In the experimental group the total and daily body weight gains during growth were higher, and during the fur growth period they were lower compared with the control group. The use of rations with an increased proportion of carbohydrates in the arctic fox nutrition, whose source were extruded ground grains and dried beet pulp, did not negatively affect on selected of the production performance of foxes over the whole experimental period compared with the control group.
The studies on optimisation of citric acid biosynthesis by solid-state fermentation of sugar-beet pulp as the major material have shown that not only mono- and disaccharides initially present in the material but also the products of cellulose and hemicellulose hydrolyses were the carbon sources. Therefore, in parallel with optimisation of citric acid production, the studies were undertaken on the activity of ccllulases and dynamics of their synthesis by Aspergillus niger, the strain used in the process. The fermentations were carried out by non-mixed system using 1 L beakers and by mixed system using 4.5 L rotating drum bioreactor. The activity of CMC-ase and xylanases for the non-mixed system increased to about 22.0 IU/g and that of FP-ase stayed on the level of about 4 IU/g dry matter, whereas for the mixed system the CMC-ase activity increased to about 35 IU/g dry matter on day five and that of FP-ase stayed on a similar level of about 5 IU/g dry matter. The content of reducing compounds increased by almost four times (to 390 g/kg dry matter) on the second day of fermentation and decreased to about 140 g/kg dry matter on the fifth day of fermentation. Glucose was utilised most rapidly among monosaccharides, being followed by arabinose and in part by mannose.
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