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In 2004–2006 an experiment was carried out to evaluate selected quality traits of yield of ten cultivars of beetroot with storage roots of different shapes (flattened, round and elongated). At the end of the vegetation season Rocket cultivar (of elongated root) was characterized by the longest root of the smallest diameter. Whereas, Egipski cultivar was characterized by the shortest root, but of the greatest diameter. Rocket cultivar was also characterized by the highest percentage of storage roots weight in the whole plants weight (83.1%). Content of macroelements was significantly dependent on evaluated cultivars (except Ca and Mg in 2005, when differences between cultivars were not significant).
The nutritive value and wholesomeness of carrot are highly appreciated owing to such biologically active compounds as carotenoids, vitamin C and mineral compounds found in its roots. In 2007-2009, field experiments were performed on the effect of foliar fertilisation of carrot with magnesium sulphate during its vegetative growth on selected nutrients (total carotenoids, vitamin C, mineral magnesium). The field experiment was set up in a splitplot design with three replications on light soil, of slightly acid reaction, low in available P and K forms and very low in Mg. Magnesium was applied in rates of 0, 45 and 90 kg MgO ha–1 by spraying carrot plants with a 3% solution during their intensive growth in the vegetative season, accompanied by constant N, P, K fertilisation. The experiment involved five carrot cultivars: medium-late Berjo, and late Flacoro, Karotan, Koral and Perfekcja, all characterized by good storage life. The content of selected nutrients in carrot roots was determined immediately after harvest and after six-month storage in a traditional earthen mound. Foliar application of magnesium significantly increased the nutritive value of roots of the carrot cultivars after harvest, raising the content of total carotenoids, vitamin C and magnesium in edible parts. The rate of 45 kg MgO ha–1 was most favourable. The sixmonth root storage led to a decrease in the biologically active compounds. The recorded loss (mean for cultivars and fertilisation) reached 20% of carotenoids, 50% of vitamin C and 1% of magnesium. The highest nutritive value was determined for roots of the cultivars Karotan and Perfekcja and the lowest one in roots of cv. Flacoro.
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